Lecture 3b: Multiple alleles Flashcards

1
Q

three or more alleles of the same gene are found

A

multiple alleles

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1
Q

characterized by the presence of antigens on the surface of erythrocytes

A

AB Blood types

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2
Q

Blood type determination: mix unknown blood sample with __ containing Type A or Type B __

A
  • antiserum
  • antibodies
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3
Q

Discovered the ABO Blood Group System in 1901

A

Karl Landsteiner

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4
Q

were working under Landsteiner discovered type AB a year later in 1902.

A

Adriano Sturli and Alfred von Decastello

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5
Q

World Blood Donor Day

A

June 14 (Birthdate of Landteiner)

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6
Q

Components of the blood

A
  • 55% plasma
  • 45% solid substances
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7
Q

contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen

A

red blood cells

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8
Q

fight infection

A

white blood cells

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9
Q

help the blood to clot

A

platelets

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10
Q

contains salts and various kinds of proteins

A

plasma

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11
Q

The differences in human blood are due to the presence or absence of certain protein molecules called __ and __.

A
  • antigens
  • antibodies
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12
Q

located on the surface of the red blood cells

A

antigens

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13
Q

in the blood plasma

A

antibodies

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14
Q

If you belong to the blood group A, you have __ on the surface of your red blood cells and __ in your blood plasma.

A
  • A antigens
  • B antibodies
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15
Q

If you belong to the blood group B, you have __ on the surface of your red blood cells and __ in your blood plasma.

A
  • B antigens
  • A antibodies
16
Q

If you belong to the blood group AB, you have __ on the surface of your red blood cells and __ in your blood plasma.

A
  • A and B antigens
  • no A or B antibodies
17
Q

If you belong to the blood group 0 (null), you have __ on the surface of your red blood cells but __ in your blood plasma.

A
  • neither A or B antigens
  • have A and B antibodies
18
Q

universal donor

19
Q

universal recipient

20
Q

Result when the fetal blood type is different from the mother’s blood type.

A

ABO incompatibility

21
Q

What are the signs symptoms of ABO incompatibility in the neonate?

A
  • Pale-looking skin
  • Yellow coloring of your baby’s umbilical cord, skin, and the whites of their eyes (jaundice)
  • newborn may have a big liver and spleen.
  • newborn with hydrops fetalis* may have severe swelling of their entire body.
22
Q

a condition in which large amounts of fluid build up in a baby’s tissues and organs, causing extensive swelling (edema)

23
Q

RH Blood Groups first detected in __

A

Rhesus monkey

24
Rh blood groups gained attention because of reported cases of Rh incompatibilities in married couples (__)
- Erythroblastosis fetalis
25
three closely linked genes C, D and E with two alleles each.
Fisher-Race System
26
In fisher-rase system, -presence of at least one D results in __ - __ and __ not immunologically significant
- Rh+ phenotype - C and E
27
induced neurological damage
bilirubin
28
an injectable drug that is used to protect an Rh+ fetus from antibodies in an Rh- mother's blood and to prevent Rh allergy in the mother.
RhoGAM: RhO(D) immune globulin
29
Codominant inheritance blood group
MN Blood group
30
MN Blood group is under the control of an autosomal locus in __
chromosome #4
31
Who discovered MN Blood groups
Land Steiner and Levine (1927)
32
Antigens M and N are encoded by polymorphic genes __ and __
- GYPA - GYPB
33