Lecture 3b: Multiple alleles

Question 1

three or more alleles of the same gene are found

Answer 1

multiple alleles

Question 1

characterized by the presence of antigens on the surface of erythrocytes

Answer 1

AB Blood types

Question 2

Blood type determination: mix unknown blood sample with __ containing Type A or Type B __

Answer 2

• antiserum
• antibodies

Question 3

Discovered the ABO Blood Group System in 1901

Answer 3

Karl Landsteiner

Question 4

were working under Landsteiner discovered type AB a year later in 1902.

Answer 4

Adriano Sturli and Alfred von Decastello

Question 5

World Blood Donor Day

Answer 5

June 14 (Birthdate of Landteiner)

Question 6

Components of the blood

Answer 6

• 55% plasma
• 45% solid substances

Question 7

contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen

Answer 7

red blood cells

Question 8

fight infection

Answer 8

white blood cells

Question 9

help the blood to clot

Answer 9

platelets

Question 10

contains salts and various kinds of proteins

Answer 10

plasma

Question 11

The differences in human blood are due to the presence or absence of certain protein molecules called __ and __.

Answer 11

• antigens
• antibodies

Question 12

located on the surface of the red blood cells

Answer 12

antigens

Question 13

in the blood plasma

Answer 13

antibodies

Question 14

If you belong to the blood group A, you have __ on the surface of your red blood cells and __ in your blood plasma.

Answer 14

• A antigens
• B antibodies

Question 15

If you belong to the blood group B, you have __ on the surface of your red blood cells and __ in your blood plasma.

Answer 15

• B antigens
• A antibodies

Question 16

If you belong to the blood group AB, you have __ on the surface of your red blood cells and __ in your blood plasma.

Answer 16

• A and B antigens
• no A or B antibodies

Question 17

If you belong to the blood group 0 (null), you have __ on the surface of your red blood cells but __ in your blood plasma.

Answer 17

• neither A or B antigens
• have A and B antibodies

Question 18

universal donor

Answer 18

type O

Question 19

universal recipient

Answer 19

type AB

Question 20

Result when the fetal blood type is different from the mother’s blood type.

Answer 20

ABO incompatibility

Question 21

What are the signs symptoms of ABO incompatibility in the neonate?

Answer 21

• Pale-looking skin
• Yellow coloring of your baby’s umbilical cord, skin, and the whites of their eyes (jaundice)
• newborn may have a big liver and spleen.
• newborn with hydrops fetalis* may have severe swelling of their entire body.

Question 22

a condition in which large amounts of fluid build up in a baby’s tissues and organs, causing extensive swelling (edema)

Answer 22

fetalis

Question 23

RH Blood Groups first detected in __

Answer 23

Rhesus monkey

Question 24

Rh blood groups gained attention because of reported cases of Rh incompatibilities in
married couples (__)

Answer 24

• Erythroblastosis fetalis

Question 25

three closely linked genes C, D and E with two alleles each.

Answer 25

Fisher-Race System

Question 26

In fisher-rase system, -presence of at least one D results in __
- __ and __ not immunologically significant

Answer 26

• Rh+ phenotype
• C and E

Question 27

induced neurological damage

Answer 27

bilirubin

Question 28

an injectable drug that is used to protect an Rh+ fetus from antibodies in an Rh- mother’s blood and to prevent Rh allergy in the mother.

Answer 28

RhoGAM: RhO(D) immune globulin

Question 29

Codominant inheritance blood group

Answer 29

MN Blood group

Question 30

MN Blood group is under the control of an autosomal locus in __

Answer 30

chromosome #4

Question 31

Who discovered MN Blood groups

Answer 31

Land Steiner and Levine (1927)

Question 32

Antigens M and N are encoded by polymorphic genes __ and __

Answer 32

• GYPA
• GYPB