Lecture 3 - Introduction to disease III Flashcards
What is the characteristic cell of acute disease?
Neutrophils
What are the characteristic cells of chronic disease?
Lymphocytes and Fibroblasts
Congenital disease =
disease initiated before or during birth
2 types of congenital diseases:
Genetic and non-genetic
6 types of acquired disease:
- Inflammatory disorders
- Disorders of immunity
- Haemodynamic disorders
- Metabolic disorders
- Degenerative disorders
- Growth disorders
What causes an inflammatory disorder?
A physiological response of living tissue to injury. Often the causative agents is: physical, chemical, infectious
Ischaemia =
Reduced/stopped blood flow
Necrosis =
cell/organ death
Most susceptible tissue for haemodynamic disorders
Brain
What can cause a metabolic disorder?
A deficiency of any enzyme or hormone
What is the characteristic of degenerative disorder?
Loss of the specialised structure and function of a tissue
What is the characteristic of growth disorders?
Abnormal growth including adaptation to changing circumstances
Hypertrophy =
growth by increasing cell volume
Hyperplasia =
Growth by increasing cell number
Atrophy =
shrinkage of tissue
Neoplasia =
uncontrolled, abnormal growth of cells or tissues in the body
Characteristics benign tumours:
Slow growing, capsulated, non-invasive, do not metastasize, well differentiated
Characteristics malignant tumours:
Fast growing, non capsulated, invasive & infiltrate, metastasize, poorly differentiated
