Lecture 3

Question 1

Short notes on the skeletal system

Answer 1

Skeletal tissue is a modified connective tissues into an organisation makes them strong.

Consists of bones cartilage and ligaments 

Question 2

Short note on the bone 

Answer 2

Forms majority of the skeleton

Consists of connective tissues that is hardened by the minerals salts like calcium

Bones are classified according to structure and shape

Question 3

Long bones

Answer 3

Have greater length than width

Consists if a shaft and variable extremities

Question 4

Short bones

Answer 4

Somewhat cub shaped
Nearly equal in length and width

Question 5

Flat bones

Answer 5

Have thin flatted surfaces and usually curved

Question 6

Irregular bones

Answer 6

Have complex shapes and don’t fit into any of above categories

Question 7

Sesamoid bones

Answer 7

Oval shaped nodules that are surround with certain tendons

They protect tendons against friction

Change the direction of pull and increase mechanical advantage

Question 8

Sutural bones

Answer 8

Irregular bone found at the sutures of the skull
Also called Wormian bones
They vary from person to person

Question 9

Tuberosity

Answer 9

Large rounded projection , may be roughened

Question 10

Crest

Answer 10

Narrow ridge of bone, usually prominent

Question 11

Trochanter

Answer 11

Very large
Irregular shaped process

Question 12

Line

Answer 12

Narrow ridge but less prominent

Question 13

Tubercle

Answer 13

Small rounded projection or process

Question 14

Epicondyle

Answer 14

Raised area on or above condyle

Question 15

Spine

Answer 15

Sharp, often a pointed projection

Question 16

Process

Answer 16

Any bony prominence

Question 17

Head

Answer 17

Bony expansion carried by narrow neck

Question 18

Facet

Answer 18

Smooth, nearly flat

Question 19

Condyle

Answer 19

Rounded articular projection

Question 20

Ramus

Answer 20

Armlike bar of bone

Question 21

Groove

Answer 21

Furrow

Question 22

Fissure

Answer 22

Narrow, slit like opening

Question 23

Notch

Answer 23

Indentation at the edge of a structure

Question 24

Meatus

Answer 24

Canal like passageway

Question 25

Sinus

Answer 25

Cavity with a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane

Question 26

Fossa

Answer 26

Shallow, Basi like depression

Question 27

Functions of the skeletal system

Answer 27

Support movement protective enclosure of viscera blood formation, mineral storage , electrolyte and acid base

Question 28

Notes on Cartilage

Answer 28

Supportive connective tissue Not hard and rigid Gives shape , support, structure to other body tissue Also helps with cushion joints Smoothens bones surface at joint and reduce friction

Question 29

Short notes on ligaments

Answer 29

Short bands of tough flexible connective tissue that hold bones together They guid and limit movement between the bones Name According to position or bony attachment

Question 30

Notes on axial skeleton

Answer 30

Forms the longitudinal axis Consists of 80 bones Participates in vital functions Protects and supports internal organs Extensive surface area for the attachment of muscles

Question 31

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 31

Consists of the bones of the limbs 126 bones Allows you to move around

Question 32

Joints

Answer 32

A site where two or more bones come together They allow the bones to move The skeleton flexible Have 3 types

Question 33

Fibrous joints

Answer 33

Joined by fibrous tissue and little movement is possible

Question 34

Cartilaginous joints

Answer 34

Bones united by cartilage No movement to small amount of movement

Question 35

Synovial joints

Answer 35

Separated by a cavity containing thin of fluid Great amount of movement