Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Short notes on the skeletal system

A

Skeletal tissue is a modified connective tissues into an organisation makes them strong.

Consists of bones cartilage and ligaments 

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2
Q

Short note on the bone 

A

Forms majority of the skeleton

Consists of connective tissues that is hardened by the minerals salts like calcium

Bones are classified according to structure and shape

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3
Q

Long bones

A

Have greater length than width

Consists if a shaft and variable extremities

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4
Q

Short bones

A

Somewhat cub shaped
Nearly equal in length and width

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5
Q

Flat bones

A

Have thin flatted surfaces and usually curved

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6
Q

Irregular bones

A

Have complex shapes and don’t fit into any of above categories

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7
Q

Sesamoid bones

A

Oval shaped nodules that are surround with certain tendons

They protect tendons against friction

Change the direction of pull and increase mechanical advantage

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8
Q

Sutural bones

A

Irregular bone found at the sutures of the skull
Also called Wormian bones
They vary from person to person

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9
Q

Tuberosity

A

Large rounded projection , may be roughened

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10
Q

Crest

A

Narrow ridge of bone, usually prominent

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11
Q

Trochanter

A

Very large
Irregular shaped process

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12
Q

Line

A

Narrow ridge but less prominent

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13
Q

Tubercle

A

Small rounded projection or process

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14
Q

Epicondyle

A

Raised area on or above condyle

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15
Q

Spine

A

Sharp, often a pointed projection

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16
Q

Process

A

Any bony prominence

17
Q

Head

A

Bony expansion carried by narrow neck

18
Q

Facet

A

Smooth, nearly flat

19
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded articular projection

20
Q

Ramus

A

Armlike bar of bone

21
Q

Groove

22
Q

Fissure

A

Narrow, slit like opening

23
Q

Notch

A

Indentation at the edge of a structure

24
Q

Meatus

A

Canal like passageway

25
Sinus
Cavity with a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane
26
Fossa
Shallow, Basi like depression
27
Functions of the skeletal system
Support movement protective enclosure of viscera blood formation, mineral storage , electrolyte and acid base
28
Notes on Cartilage
Supportive connective tissue Not hard and rigid Gives shape , support, structure to other body tissue Also helps with cushion joints Smoothens bones surface at joint and reduce friction
29
Short notes on ligaments
Short bands of tough flexible connective tissue that hold bones together They guid and limit movement between the bones Name According to position or bony attachment
30
Notes on axial skeleton
Forms the longitudinal axis Consists of 80 bones Participates in vital functions Protects and supports internal organs Extensive surface area for the attachment of muscles
31
Appendicular skeleton
Consists of the bones of the limbs 126 bones Allows you to move around
32
Joints
A site where two or more bones come together They allow the bones to move The skeleton flexible Have 3 types
33
Fibrous joints
Joined by fibrous tissue and little movement is possible
34
Cartilaginous joints
Bones united by cartilage No movement to small amount of movement
35
Synovial joints
Separated by a cavity containing thin of fluid Great amount of movement