lecture 28 - anatomy of the renal / urinary system Flashcards
what proportion of our bodies is water
male 60%
female 55%
of our total body water what proportion is extracellular and intracellular
extracellular fluid 1/3
intracellular fluid 2/3
what is abnormal urine like
- large proteins (too big to be filtered)
- red blood cells (too big to be filtered)
- glucose (filtered, but not fully reabsorbed)
what are the main components of the urinary system
- 2 kidneys
- 2 ureters
- urinary bladder
- urethra
where are the kidneys located in terms of spinal cord
T12 vertebra to L3 vertebra
where are the kidneys located in terms of peritenum
retroperitoneal
- located on posterior abdominal wall
surrounded and supported by fat
what is the inner medulla of the kidney
- divided into pyramids
- each medullary pyramid ends in a papilla
what is the outer cortex of the kidney
- continuous layer around the medulla
what does a kidney lobe contain and how many per kidney
cortex and medulla
5-11 per kidney
where does urine drain from and collect in the kidney
drains from each papilla and collects in a calyx
what do calyces join to
renal pelvis
what does the renal pelvis in the kidney become
renal pelvis narrows as it exits the hilum to become the ureter
how is urine produced (basic)
by filtering waste from the blood into the nephron
filtration occurs where in the kidney
the cortex
what happens to blood in the cortex of the kidney (afferent arterioles)
- afferent arteriole delivers blood from arteries to the glomerulus
- the glomerulus is made of glomerular capillaries and is where filtration occurs
