lecture 23 - large intestine and liver Flashcards
what does the large intestine consist of
cecum, colon and rectum
what is the function of the large inestine
absorption of water, storage of feces until defecation
what is the colon of the large intestine divided into
- ascending colon
- transverse colon
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon
what is the ascending and descending colons in terms of peritoneum
retroperitoneal
what is the transverse and sigmoid colons in terms of peritoneum
interperitoneal
what is the cecum
blind ended pouch
- location of the appendix
what is the appendix
reserve of large intestine bacteria = attached to the cecum
what are the teniae coli
bands of longitudinal muscle in the large intestine
what are the haustra
serious of pouches - allows for a little more room to store in the large intestine
what is the omental appendices
sacs of fat along the large intestine
how does the epithelium change at the anal column
before = simple columnar
after = stratified squamous
what is the internal anal sphincter
smooth muscle = involuntary control
what is the external anal sphincter
skeletal muscle = voluntary control
what is the defecation reflex
movement of feces into the rectum = stimulates stretch recptors
internal anal sphincter relaxes = due to stretch
consious decision to defecate = external anal sphincter relaxes
what is the function of the liver
- metabolic processes
- detoxifies blood
- produces bile
what is the location of the liver in the abdominopelvic cavity and how is it attached to the stomach
superior quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity and attached via the lesser omentum
what is the function of the gallbladder
stores and concentrates bile
where does the blood supply to the liver come from (1/3 and 2/3)
1/3 from hepatic artery
2/3 from hepatic portal vein
what are the lobules in the liver
the hexagon shaped functional units with a central vein in the middle
what are hepatocytes in the liver
found in rows, produce bile
what are liver sinusoids
between the rows of cells, super leaky capillaries
what is the portal triad and where is it located
on the corners of the lobules (hexagon shapes)
- branch of hepatic artery
- branch of the hepatic portal vein
- a bile duct
