LECTURE 28 Flashcards
CHECK ON LEARNING
in what ways are minerals an important part of our diet?
structure cofactors acid/base balance nerve conduction muscle excitation signaling systems
the most abundant minerals in the body are?
inorganic ions like sodium, potassium, chloride minerals like calcium and phosphorus iron magnesium sulfur iodine fluoride trace elements
what are the important inorganic ions for the body?
minerals?
sodium (extracellular)
potassium (intracellular)
chloride (main anion)
calcium (action potentials)
phosphorus (energy metabolism)
what is the condition that results when dietary calcium is not present?
osteoporosis
where is most of the iron in the body found?
what is the plasma protein that transports iron? what protein is bound to iron when stored in tissue?
heme found in heme proteins
transferrin
ferritin
T/F, dietary iron is bound better than non-heme iron?
true
what does iron deficiency lead to? where is this most common?
iron deficiency anemia
premenopausal women or undetected GI bleeding
what is excess iron in the blood also known as? where is it accumulated? how is it treated? what organ can be damaged?
hemochromatosis
hemosiderin
phlebotomy
liver, heart, pancreas and spleen
this cofactor stabilizes ATP?
what is the result of high MG+ levels?
magnesium
depresses the CNS function and slows heart rate
we find this element in amino acids, Coenzyme A, lipoic acid, thiamine and biotin; most come from dietary protein?
sulfur
70-80% of this element is concentrated in the thyroid gland used to make thyroid hormone; what is the effect if there is a deficiency of this?
iodine
goiter
this elements helps to make teeth and bones stronger?
fluoride
these elements are necessary for health, bit in low concentration?
trace elements
these serve as important cofactors in enzymatic reactions?
vitamins
the effect of greater than RDA doses of vitamins has what effect?
prophylactically
