Lecture 26 - Retention and Transfer of Motor Learning Flashcards

1
Q

What is warm-up decrement?

A

decreased performance after a period with no practice, disappears after a few trials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is savings of learning?

A

the rate of relearing a motor skill is faster than the rate at which the skill is intially learned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is transfer of learning?

A

How learning acheived in one task or setting carries over to performance in an alternate task or setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is specialized transfer?

A

performing the same task during performance and practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 2 types of generalized transfer?

A

Near transfer and far transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is near transfer?

A

requires learner to perform the target movement in the target context

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why can’t open skills be practiced directly?

A

Because of the uncertainty of the task/environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is far transfer?

A

focuses of the development of more general motor skills. Does not require the target movement to be performed in the target environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A hockey player training by pulling a weight sled. What type of transfer is this?

A

Far transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What factors impact transfer of learning?

A
  • movement patterning
  • strategic and conceptual similarities
  • sensory/perceptual elements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are perceptual elements?

A

aspects of a task that deal with the use of sensory feedback to guide and control actions

the ability to transfer perceptual skills that are shared between activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an example of perceptual skills?

A

The skills needed to catch fly balls (baseball) could trasnfer to catching a football pass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

factors that affect transfer of learning

Explain similarity of movement patterns and how it affects transfer of learning.

A

Practicing sled run to improve skating performance - they are similar movement patterns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are conceptual elements?

A

aspects of a task that del with the rules, principles, guidelines, or strategies of performance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

factors that affect transfer of learning

What would be an example of strategies and conceptual elements?

A

Defence strategies are similar in hockey and basketball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of transfer is used for closed skills?

A

Specialized transfer

17
Q

What is the retention interval?

A

the period of time where no further practice is undertaken. During this time motor forgetting may occur and impede performance

18
Q

What type of tranbfer is used for open skills?

A

Generalized transfer

19
Q

Does amount of retention and length of retention period vary across different types of motor skills?

A

Yes

20
Q

What is the ‘use it or lose it’ principle?

A

Discrete motor skill performance decreases with retention interval

21
Q

Do we see a larger decrease in disctrete or continous skills with rentention intervals?

A

Discrete skills, we hold onto continuous motor skills much longer (‘its like riding a bike’)

22
Q

What is part practice?

A

practicing aspects or sub-units of performance in isolation

23
Q

What is an example of part practice?

A

Swimmers using a kickboard and only practicing lower limb strokes

24
Q

What is whole practice?

A

practicing a whole skill or sequences of movements in their entirety

25
Q

What is an example of whole practice?

A

Practicing a golf swing, cannot really be broken down

26
Q

What is the utility of part practice influenced by?

A

interactions between body segments or components of movement limits how part practice transfers to whole movements

27
Q

What is component interaction?

A

the extent to which actions involved in one part of a skill influence actions involved in other aspects of the skill

28
Q

When is part practice effective?

A

When component interactions are minimal and parts are relatively independant

29
Q

When is part practice ineffective?

A

When component interaction is high

30
Q

What does component interaction refer to?

A

Interactions between body segments - energy transfers that maximize movement speed, fluidity or energy of impact (while minimizing the energy demand of doing the movement)

31
Q

What is progressive part practice?

A

practice and develoip fundamental movements in isolation. After the individual elements are learned, begin to string them together into a sequence to account for component interaction