Lecture 25--bacterial infection Genitourinary Tract

Question 1

GU require ___ transmission

Answer 1

direct contact (usually sex)

Question 2

top 10 STIs

Answer 2

trichomonas, HPV, pubic lice, chlamydia, neisseria gonorrhea, vaginosis, herpes, AIDS, syphilis, hep B

Question 3

what does gonorrhea mean?

Answer 3

flow of seed

Question 4

gram neg cocci in pairs, fragile, humans only host and reservoir

Answer 4

neisseria gonrrhea

Question 5

point of entry for gonorrhea is __ in F and ___ in M

Answer 5

vagina; urethral canal

Question 6

___% chance of disease after single sex contact, < ____ bacteria starts infection

Answer 6

30-50; 1000

Question 7

pathogenesis of gon.?

Answer 7

attach to epithelial cells–>invade cells and enter sub-epithelial, release LPS and inflammatory response–>tissue damage allow free bacteria release into genital secretions

Question 8

disease symptoms for F?

Answer 8

often asymptomatic, mild inflame, burning when urinate

Question 9

disease symps of M?

Answer 9

urethral canal inflame, painful urine, discharge pus

Question 10

__% of gon. infection result in disseminated gon., which involves these symps:

Answer 10

1; skin rash, pus lesions, heart/liver infections, joint inflammation

Question 11

complications of gon.?

Answer 11

when untreated, males have urethral scarring/infertility, females have scarred fallopian tubes and pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 12

transmission of N. gon. to infant during vag birth results in:

Answer 12

eye infection

Question 13

diagnose gon.?

Answer 13

nucleic acid amplification test on urine specimens (screening for high risk, asymptomatic and confirmatory for symps suggest gonorrhea)

Question 14

standard treat for gon.?

Answer 14

azithromycin and ceftriaxone

Question 15

how come no immunity for gon.?

Answer 15

switches between diff types of pili

Question 16

cause of syphilis, gram neg. spirochete, transmit only by direct contact

Answer 16

treponema pallidum

Question 17

usual point of entry for syphilis is into ____ tissue of gen. tract, and it is ___ entry that requires pre existing tissue cut or abrasian

Answer 17

sub epithelial; passive

Question 18

four stages of syphilis

Answer 18

prim., sec, latent, tert

Question 19

primary syph?

Answer 19

multiply slowly at site of entry, proteins and LPS cause inflame, painless open sore/lesion called chancre forms at site of entry many days after contact

Question 20

due to inflamm rxn of immune, vary in size, contain large numbers live treponema and can cause further transmission syphilis

Answer 20

chancre

Question 21

secondary syphilis occurs ___ wks after chancres heal and involves ___ of treponema via ____

Answer 21

5-10; spread; blood

Question 22

secondary syphilis has ___ symptoms and wide spread ____

Answer 22

flu-like; skin rash

Question 23

latent stage can last for life without symps in ___% population or else progress to ____

Answer 23

70; tertiary

Question 24

what is tert syph?

Answer 24

reactivation later in life, little risk transmission, resume growing at lower lvl, delayed hypersensitivity rxn (lots of tissue damage, gummas, cardiovas, nervous sys)

Question 25

what is gumma?

Answer 25

destructive lesion in tissue, organ, bone

Question 26

diagnose syphilis?

Answer 26

microscope exam of swabs taken from chancre or rash, serological tests

Question 27

treponema can/can’t be cultured?

Answer 27

cannot

Question 28

serological test good for all stages except ___

Answer 28

primary (Ab take wks to appear)

Question 29

pre-antibiotic treated syphilis by:

Answer 29

inducing fever/heat

Question 30

first chem therapy for syph

Answer 30

salvarsan

Question 31

now use ____ for syph

Answer 31

benzathine penicillin G (resistance rare)

Question 32

how syph arrive in europe?

Answer 32

columbian theory (imported by Columbus from Americas) and pre-columbian theory (more realistic–mistaken as leprosy)

Question 33

ppl who had syph

Answer 33

King Henry 8, Ivan, Catherine the Great, Leo Tolstoy, Van Gogh, Napolean, Hitler, Mussolini, Oscar Wilde, Al Capone