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MSK I > Lecture 25 and 26 > Flashcards

Lecture 25 and 26 Flashcards

1
Q

Main three ligament of the joint capsule of the hip?

A

Iliofemoral = AIIS to intertrochanteric line

pubofemoral = pubic bone to femur

ischofemoral = ischium to femur

aid in the prevention of hyperextension

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2
Q

Coxa vera and Coxa valga

A

coxa vera = A fracture in the femur that has lead to a decrease in angle, thus a shorter leg

coxa valga = a greater angle

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3
Q

tensor fasciae lata

A

function: abducts the femur and stabilizes the knee in extension
nerve: superior gluteal nerve

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4
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

function: extends the flexed femur
innervation: inferior gluteal nerve

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5
Q

Gluteus medius

A

function: abducts the femur and medially rotates the thigh
innervation: superior gluteal nerve

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6
Q

gluteus minimus

A

function: abducts the femur and medially rotates the thigh
innervation: superior gluteal nerve

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7
Q

Gemellus superior

A

Function: lateral rotation and abduction of the flexed femur

innervation: nerve to the obturator internus

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8
Q

Obturator internus

A

function: lateral rotation of the thigh and abduction of the flexed femur
innervation: nerve to obturator internus

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9
Q

piriformis

A

function: abduction of the flexed femur and lateral rotation of the thigh
innervation: nerve to piriformis (S1 and S2)

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10
Q

gemellus inferior

A

function: lateral rotation of the thigh and abduction of the flexed femur
innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris

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11
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

function: lateral rotation of the thigh
innervation: nerve to quadratus femoris

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12
Q

positive trendelenburg sign

A

injured superior gluteal nerve
thus one side of the pelvis is unsupported and thus drops when standing and walking

waddling gait or trendelenburg gait

normally the gluteus medius and minimus prevent the tipping of the pelvis

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13
Q

anterior compartment of the thigh

A

femoral nerve

flexors of the thigh and extends the knee

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14
Q

posterior compartment of the the thigh

A

sciatic nerve

extend the thigh and flex the knee

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15
Q

medial compartment of the thigh

A

obturator nerve

adduction of the thigh

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16
Q 
make up the hamstrings or posterior compartment 
function and innervation? blood?
A

semitendinosus
semimembranosus
biceps femoris

function: flexes the knee and extends the thigh
innervated by the sciatic nerve
blood: branches of the deep femoral artery

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17
Q

sensory nerve of the posterior thigh?

A

posterior femoral cutaneous (S1-S3)

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18
Q

What makes up the quadriceps?

function? innervation? blood?

A

rectus femoris: flexes the thigh at the hip and extends the leg at the knee

vastus intermedius
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis

extends the leg at the knee

innervation: femoral nerve
blood: femoral artery and branches

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19
Q

Iliopsoas

A

innervated by anterior rami L1-L3 / femoral nerve

flexes the thigh at the hip

femoral artery and branches

20
Q

sartorius

A

innervated by the femoral nerve

flexes the thigh at the hip
and extends the leg at the knee

femoral artery and branches

21
Q

Medial compartment of the thigh

A

adductor longus and adductor brevis:
obturator nerve and artery
adducts and medially rotates the thigh

adductor magnus:
adductor part is obturator nerve

hamstring part:
sciatic nerve
adducts and medially rotates the thigh

22
Q

pectineus, gracilis, and obturator externus

A

medial compartment of the thigh

pectineus:
femoral and obturator nerve
adducts and flexes thigh at hip

gracilis:
obturator nerve
adducts the thigh and flexes leg at the knee

obturator externus:
obturator nerve
lateral rotation of the thigh

23
Q

femoral hernia?

A

will be present below in the inguinal ligament

24
Q

femoral sheath

A

contains femoral artery, vein, and femoral canal (lymph nodes)

femoral nerve is not in this area (lateral)

25
Q

femoral triangle border and contents

A

superior: inguinal ligament
medial: adductor longus (medial side)
lateral: medial border of sartorius
roof: fascia lata
floor: pectineus, ilipsoas, adductor longus

contains:
femoral nerve
femoral sheath
lymph nodes

26
Q

Adductor canal

A

femoral artery, vein, and saphenous nerve

27
Q

The ligaments of the knee

A

tibial collateral ligament = medial

fibular collateral ligament = lateral

patellar ligament: continuation of the quidreps femoris tendon

anterior cruciate ligament: prevents anterior displacement of the tibia and posterior displacement of the femur

posterior cruciate ligament: prevents posterior displacement of the tibia and anterior displacement odf the femur

28
Q

genu varus and genu valgus

A

genu varus: bowing of the knees

genu valgus: knocking knees

29
Q

Knee injuries: unhappy triad

A

excessive force to the lateral side of the knee

  1. medial collateral (most common)
  2. anterior cruciate
  3. medial or lateral meniscus
30
Q

leg compartments?

A

anterior:
extensor compartment
deep fibular nerve
dorsiflexion and inversion

posterior:
flexors
tibial nerve
plantarflexion of the foot and inversion

lateral:
superficial fibular nerve
eversion of the foot

31
Q

gastrocnemius

A

tibial nerve

plantar flex the foot and flex the knee

32
Q

plantaris

A

tibial nerve

plantar flex the food and flex the knee

33
Q

soleus

A

tibial nerve

plantar flexes the foot

34
Q

popliteal fossa

A

a diamond shaped space behind the knee joint

contents:
tibial and common fibular nerves
popliteal vein and artery

35
Q

popliteus:

A

tibial nerve

unlocks the knee

36
Q

flexor digitorium longus (foot)

A

tibial nerve

flex the toes

37
Q

tibialis posterior

A

tibial nerve

plantar flexion and inversion of foot

38
Q

flexor hallucis longus

A

tibial nerve

flex the big toe

39
Q

extensor digitorium longus

A

deep fibular nerve

dorsiflexion of foot and extension of toes

40
Q

fibularis tertius

A

deep fibular nerve

dorsiflexion of foot and eversion of foot

41
Q

tibialis anterior

A

deep fibular nerve

dorsiflexsion and inversion of foot

42
Q

extensor hallucis longus

A

deep fibular nerve

dorsiflexion of foot and extension of big toe

43
Q

extensor digitorum brevis

A

deep fibular nerve

extension of toes

44
Q

extensor hallucis brevis

A

deep fibular nerve

extension of MTPJ of big toe

45
Q

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

A

superficial fibular nerve

eversion

46
Q

tibial nerve injury

A

patient is unable to plantar flex their ankle and cannot flex toes
loss of sensation on the sole of foot

paralysis of flexor muscles

47
Q

fibular nerve injury

A

foot drop will be seen: loss of dorsiflexion and unopposed inversion

MSK I (23 decks)

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