Lecture 14

Question 1

What are the ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 1

1. anterior sternoclavicular ligament
2. interclavicular ligament
3. costoclavicular joint

stable joint

Question 2

What ligaments reinforce the acromioclavicular joint?

What do those ligaments do?

Answer 2

1. acromioclavicular ligament- strengthens AC joint superiorly
2. coracoclavicular ligament - anchors the clavicle to the coracoid process

Question 3

Midshaft fracture of the clavicle?

Answer 3

Shoulder depressed with arm medially rotated and adducted

Associated intrathoracic injuries:
•Pneumothorax
•Damage to subclavian vein and
artery

Question 4

Shoulder separation?

Answer 4

can have varying degrees of severity

tearing of the acromioclavicular joint and ligament
maybe the tearing of the coracoclavicular ligament

limited shoulder movement

Question 5

Glenohumeral joint?

Answer 5

glenohumeral capsule:

1. attaches to the neck of the humerus and neck of scapula
2. reinforced by glenohumeral ligaments and tendons of SITS muscles

inverse relationship between range of motion and stability

Question 6

Function and innervation of the deltoid?

Answer 6

function:
abducts arm 15 to 90 degrees

innervation:
axillary nerve

Question 7

What are the rotator cuff muscles? (SITS)

Injury?

Answer 7

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

form around the glenohumeral joint
arise from scapula and attach to the head of the humerus

most commonly involves the supraspinatus
produces pain on abduction
bursa may become inflamed

Question 8

The function and innervation of the supraspinatus muscle?

Answer 8

function:
abduction of arm 15 degrees

innervation:
suprascapular nerve

Question 9

The function and innervation of the infraspinatus?

Answer 9

function:
lateral rotation of the arm

innervation:
suprascapular nerve

Question 10

The function and innervation of the teres minor?

Answer 10

function:
lateral rotator of arm

innervation:
axillary nerve

Question 11

The function and innervation of the subscapularis?

Answer 11

function:
medial rotation of the arm

innervation:
upper and lower subscapular nerves

Question 12

Shoulder dislocation?

Answer 12

axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery may be damaged

decreased ability to laterally rotate arm
loss of abduction from 15 to 90 degrees
loss of sensation of upper lateral part of arm

most common to happen antero-inferior

Question 13

What is the blood supply to the shoulder joint?

Answer 13

Branches of the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral and suprascapular arteries.

Question 14

What is the function and innervation of the biceps brachii?

Answer 14

function:
flexion of the forearm, supination of the forearm
accessory flexor of the arm

innervation:
musculocutaneous nerve

Question 15

What is the function and innervation of the coracobrachialis?

Answer 15

function:
flexion of the arm

innervation:
musculocutaneous nerve

Question 16

function and innervation of the brachialis?

Answer 16

function:
flexion of the forearm flexor

innervation:
musculocutaneous nerve

Question 17

Function and innervation of the triceps brachii?

Answer 17

function:
extension of the forearm
long head: assist in extension and adduction of the arm

innervation:
radial nerve

Question 18

Blood supply of the arm?

Answer 18

the axillary artery becomes the brachial artery at the teres mijor

the deep branch runs in the radial groove

at the distal elbow the brachial artery splits into the radial and ulnar arteries