Lecture 18

Question 1

Where does the herpes zoster virus remain dormant?

Answer 1

Dorsal root ganglia of spinal nerves
Trigeminal ganglion
Geniculate ganglion of facial nerve

Question 2

Polymastia?
polythelia?
gynecomastia?

Answer 2

polymastia = additional breasts (may be functional)

polythelia = additional nipples (more common in males)

gynecomastia = enlargement of the male breast

Question 3

Peau d’ orange?

early and advanced stages?

Answer 3

Have a pitted appearance, this is due to lymphatic blockage

at a more advanced stage, the suspensory ligament is impacted which retracts the nipple.

Question 4

Lymphatic drainage of the breast?

Answer 4

75 percent drains to the axillary nodes
25 percent drains to parasternal nodes

from any quadrant- the first node is the sentinel node

Question 5

Radical mastectomy

Answer 5

surgical resection of the entire breast (may include some lymph nodes)

may damage the long thoracic, thoracodorsal, and intercostobrachial nerves

can also damage lymph nodes

lymphedema may be a consequence of mastectomy or radiation therapy.

Question 6

Pleuristy (pleuritis)

Answer 6

inflammation of the lung tissue due to the pleural layers rubbing together

sharp pain during respiration

scratching sounds can be heard during auscultation

Question 7

What is thoracocentesis and thoracostomy?

Answer 7

Thoracocentesis = “pleural tap” to sample fluid from pleural space
(between the 9th and 10th rib)

Thoracostomy = Chest tube inserted to drain fluid or air from pleural cavity