Lecture 25/26 - Lean and Productivity Flashcards
What are site managers also known as?
Site agents
Contract managers
Construction managers
Building managers
What are site managers concerns?
Health and safety
Environmental concerns
Construction plan and methodology
What are site managers required to do? (major)
Prepare site
Plan (time frame, budget, specifications)
Oversee project
What are site managers required to do? (minor)
Reporting progress
Safety inspections
Checking and prepping reports, designs and drawings
Maintaining quality
The conventional management organization?
Employer -> Engineer/consultant -> Main contractor -> nominated and domestic sub-contractors
What is lean?
Philosophy to eliminate waste.
Production philosophy to increase productivity.
‘Make what is needed, when it is needed’
Principles of Lean?
- Value (id)
- Waste (remove)
- Flow (create)
- Pull (let customer)
- Perfection (pursue)
Total lead time = ?
Time of shipping/handling/etc
Total Added time = ?
Time of construction/building/etc
Why add a material line?
material used and material wasted
What is the top line of a material line?
Materials used by process
What is the bottom line of material line?
Materials added to product during process.
How is the material wasted calculated from the bottom and top lines?
Top line - bottom line = materials wasted.
Used - needed = wasted.
What does C/T stand for?
Cycle time
What does C/O stand for?
Changeover time
What does the triangle symbol stand for?
Inventory
What does a house looking thing stand for?
External source (suppliers, customers, etc)
Bolt looking arrow stand for?
Electronic information flow
Bold arrow stand for?
Movement of production material
What are the 5 S’s?
1) Sorting
2) Simplifying
3) Sweeping
4) Standardising
5) Self-discipline
How does a spaghetti chart work?
From one point to another, each step. The example doesn’t seem to subdivide, stays in one direction.
Steps for process mapping?
- Map all steps and wait times
- Measure dist travelled and cycle time
- Categorise into value added, non value added but necessary, non value added and non necessary.
- Eliminate all #3’s + improve #2’s, reduce setup time and do 5 S’s.
What is visual control?
Put in plain view all tools, parts, plans, schedules and performance indicators so everyone can see what is happening.
What is the relation between productivity and enterprise size?
The larger the company the more productive it will be. (because of investments)
What is labour productivity?
output/input = work/workers
What is capital productivity?
= value added/capital employed
What is time productivity?
= progress/working hours
Common negative factors from management?
- Poor direction of workforce
- De-motivation of workers
- Poor coordination of subcontractors
Common groups to cause loss of productivity?
- Skills and experience of workforce
- Management
- Material availability
- Job planning
- Worker motivation
Improving the efficiency of the work?
- Develop a network (partners, subcontractors)
- More effective planning (delivery, placement of equipment/materials)
- Pre-work (precast etc)
- Manuals for workers
- IT systems, comms, software
- Use breaks for maintenance of tools
- Back up plan
- Better comms
- Quality
- Pricing
Improving competency of people?
- Improve the level of technical skills
- Diversity
- Workforce stability
- Support and supervision
- Teambuilding
- Influences of peer workers
- Working stress
- Equality and pride
Training in project management?
- Communication
- Organisational skills
- Adopt common procedures and best practices
- Contingency and uncertainty planning
- Improve analytical skills
- Develop and promote learning skills
How to strengthen middle management skills for key staff?
- Communication and coordination
- Learn how to motivate
- Clear business vision
- Quality techniques and writing procedures and policies
- Delegation of responsibility to employees.
- Continuous improvement
- Sustainability
