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Viscera & Visceral Systems > Lecture 23 - Skull and Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Lecture 23 - Skull and Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

The skull consists of __ bones united at _____

A

22 bones

united at sutures

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2
Q

the facial bones ___ off the cranium

A

hang

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3
Q

What are the conents of the canial cavity?

A

brain, meninges, cranial nerves, arteries, veins, venous sinuses

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4
Q

The roof of the cranial cavity is the …

A

cranial vault

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5
Q

Where is the sphenoid bone

A

spans across the floor

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6
Q

wher is the ethomoid bone?

A

midline near eye sockets

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7
Q

what are the cheekbones?

A

zygomatic bones

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8
Q

what is the top part of the jaw?

A

maxilla

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9
Q

where is the coronal suture?

A

between frontal and two pariental

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10
Q

the saggital suture is between..

A

the two parietal bones

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11
Q

where is the lambdoidal suture?

A

between two parietal and occipital bones

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12
Q

The floor of the cranium has ___ levels, what are they?

A

3 levels - like a staircase:

  1. anterior cranial fossa
  2. middle cranial fossa
  3. posterior cranial fossa
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13
Q

What are the structures that make the anterior cranial fossa?

A

frontal bone

lesser wing of sphenoid (posteriorly) - important as it has lots of holes for vessels

orbital plates of the frontal bone (floor)
Cribiform plate of ethmoid (floor)

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14
Q

What are the structures that make the middle cranial fossa?

A

lesser wing ofsphenoid (ant)

petrous portion of temporal bone (posterior)

lateral:
temporal bone
greater wing of sphenoid
pariteal bone

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15
Q

The sphenoid bone forms where? what does it look like

A

anterior and middle cranial fossa, is right in the middle of the skull

connects orbits with cranial cavity

looks like a bi-plane - two wings (lesser and greater)

gap b/w the wings behind the eyeballs - BVs can go through here…

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16
Q

What are the structures that make the posterior cranial fossa?

A

petrous portion of temporal bone (ant

floor:
Basilar, condylar and squamous portion of the occipital bone
the mastoid process of the temporal bone

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17
Q

The cranial nerves supply

A

somatic and visceral motor, autonomic

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18
Q

most cranial nerves arise from the …

A

brainstem

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19
Q

CN1=

A

olfactory

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20
Q

CN2 =

A

optic

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21
Q

CN3 =

A

oculomotor - movement of the eyeballs

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22
Q

CN4 =

A

trochlear - also moving eye balls

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23
Q

CN5 =

A

trigeminal - senesation on face and chewing

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24
Q

CN6 =

A

Abducent - eyeball movement

25
Q

CN7 =

A

Fascial - smile , move faces

26
Q

CN8 =

A

Vestibulocochlear - hearing and balance

27
Q

CN9 =

A

Glossopharyngeal - sensory to throat

28
Q

CN10 =

A

Vagus - parasympathetic to body

29
Q

CN11 =

A

Accessory - shrug our shoulders and turn our head

30
Q

CN12 =

A

Hypoglossal - tounge’s move

31
Q

What is the mnemonic for the CNs

A

oh oh oh to touch and feel very good velvet, AH

Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducent, Facial,
Vestibulocochlear (formerly Auditory), Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal

32
Q

Use your Trigeminal (CN5) nerve and…

A

masticate!

33
Q

Which nerve are purely sensory?

A

CN1, CN2, CN8

34
Q

Which nerve are purely motor?

A

CN3, CN4, CN6, CN11, CN12

35
Q

Which nerve are mixed?

A

CN5, CN7, CN10

36
Q

where does CN1 exit the skull?

A

Cribiform plate

37
Q

where does CN2 exit the skull?

A

optic canal - within the sphenoid bone

38
Q

There are _ extraocular muscles?

A

6

rectus muscles
sup
inf
medial
lateral

oblique muscles - from the side

39
Q

CN3 goes to all extrocular muscles except..

A

superior oblique, lateral rectus

40
Q

which cranial nerve goes to the superior oblique extrocular muscle

A

CN4 - trochlear

41
Q

which cranial nerve goes to the lateral rectus extrocular muscle

A

CN6 - adjucent

42
Q

where does CN3,4,6 exit the skull?

A

superior orbital fissure

43
Q

CN3,4,6 are responsible for moving the …

A

eyeball

44
Q

What does CN5 do?

A

somatic sensory +
motor to muscles of mastication

three branches covering the face

45
Q

Where do the branches of CN5 exit the skull?

A

V1 - superior orbital fissure

v2 - foramen rotundum

v3 - foramen ovale

46
Q

The facial nerve is a ___ nerve

A

mixed

47
Q

What does CN 7 do?

A

Motor: muscles of facial expression

visceral efferent : glands eg. lacrimal (tears), sublingual gland

visceral sensory: taste to anterior 2/3 tongue

somatic sensory

48
Q

where does What does CN 7 exit the sckull

A

internal acoustic meatus

49
Q

what the fascial motor terminal branches ?

A

pinky to forehead, going down:

temporal
zygomatic
bucal
marginal mandibular
cervical
50
Q

CN8 - what does it do?

A

Hearing and balance (special sensory)

51
Q

Where does CN8 exit the skull?

A

internal acoustic meatus

52
Q

CN9 - what does it do?

A

“does everything”
Glossopharnygeal

“Back of the throat”
sensory from tongue (post. 1/3), pharynx, middle ear and carotid body

taste: post. 1/3 tongue

visceral motor: PS to parotid

motor: stylopharnges

53
Q

Where does CN9 exit the skull?

A

jugular foramen

54
Q

CN10 - what does it do?

A

visceral motor

motor to muscles of soft palate, phyarynx, larynx, upper oesophagus and 1 tongue muscle

somatic sensory: pharynx and larynx

visceral sensory: taste, general baro-receptors

55
Q

Where does CN10 exit the skull?

A

jugular foramen

56
Q

CN11 - what does it do?

A

provides motor input to sternomastoid and upper part of trapezius

57
Q

Where does CN11 exit the skull?

A

Spinal acessory

Nucleus is in the upper 5-6 of cervical spinal cord

nerve enters cranium via foramen magnum

then travels with X root and exits jugular foramen

58
Q

CN12 - what does it do?

A

motor to intrinsic and extrinsic mucles of the tongue - except one, which is dnone by CNX)

59
Q

Where does CN12 exit the skull?

A

hypoglossal foramen

Viscera & Visceral Systems (25 decks)

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