Lecture 2 - Thoracic Walls and Breast

Question 1

What are the purposes of the thoracic wall?

Answer 1

Protects

Mechanical basis of breathing

Question 2

There are 3 types of ribs, what are they?

Answer 2

True - attach directly to sternum via costal cartilage
False - Attach to costal cartilage of rib above
Floating - Have no anterior attachment

Question 3

Which ribs are true

Answer 3

1-7

Question 4

which ribs are false?

Answer 4

8-10

Question 5

Which ribs are floating?

Answer 5

11 and 12

Question 6

What are the characteristics of a Typical rib?

Answer 6

Superior facet / inferior facet
costal groove
shaft
articular facet

Question 7

The Costovertebral joint is weak or strong?

Answer 7

Very Strong - the ribs will break first rather than the joint upon impact

Question 8

What is the sternal angle?

Answer 8

Between the Manubrium and body of sternum

Question 9

Thoracic vertebrae mainly permit

Answer 9

rotation

Question 10

What typesof intercostal muscles are there?

Answer 10

External intercostal
internal intercostals
Innermost intercostals

Question 11

The Innermost intercostals are deficient ______

Answer 11

posteriorly

Question 12

The intercostal space contains:

Answer 12

Intercostal

vein
artery
nerve
the 3 different intercostal muscles

Question 13

The nipple dermatome is __

Answer 13

T4

Question 14

The sympathetic ganglion is within the ….

Answer 14

sympathetic trunk

Question 15

The attachment of pectoralis minor is

Answer 15

Coracoid process

Question 16

The action of pec minor is..

Answer 16

elevates ribs/stabilizes scapula

Question 17

Subclaivus is responsible for

Answer 17

anchoring the clavicle

Question 18

Which muscle protracts the scapula

Answer 18

serratus anterior

Ribs 1-8

Question 19

Serratus posterior is from

Answer 19

Vertebra to posterior ribs

superior and inferior parts

Question 20

Serratus posterior superior is from spinous processes…

what is it’s action?

Answer 20

c7-T3 (elevates the ribs)

Question 21

Serratus posterior inferior is from spinous processes…

what is it’s action?

Answer 21

T11-L2

depresses the ribs

Question 22

What are the coverings of the thoracic cage?

Answer 22

sub cut. fat
superficial fascia
(mammary gland)
skin

Question 23

The mamary gland sits on fascia superifical to..

Answer 23

pectoralis major

Question 24

How many lobules in the mammary gland

Answer 24

15-20

Question 25

Each mammary lobule contains ______, the milk secreting portion of the lobule

Drained by ______duct which opens independently on the nipple

Answer 25

Each mammary lobule contains alveoli, the milk secreting portion of the lobule

Drained by lactiferous duct which opens independently on the nipple

Question 26

True or False

There is fat between the lobules in the mammary gland

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The mammary gland is attached to skin and fascia by

Answer 27

suspensory ligaments

Question 28

What is the areola?

Answer 28

Pigmented area around nipple

sebaceous glands for lubrication

Question 29

Thge nipple is ..

Answer 29

smooth muscle

Question 30

Blood supply to the breast is via..

Answer 30

lateral mammary braches of lateral thoracic artery (from axillary artery)

and

branches from the internal thoracic artery

Question 31

what percentage of lymph is drained to the axillary nodes?

Answer 31

75%

Question 32

Cancer cells can cause damage to _______ _______. As a result, the skin becomes thick or dimpled, or the nipple invered, bacause of the…

Answer 32

Cancer cells can cause damage to suspensory ligaments. Asa aresult, the skin becomes thick o dimpled, or the nipple invered, bcause of the shortening of the suspensory ligament

Question 33

men can still get breast cancer in the _____ system but also the ducts

Answer 33

men can still get breast cancer in the glandular system but also the ducts