lecture 23

Question 1

For Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) explain pathogenesis

Answer 1

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) pathogenesis
-the defective prions induce other prions the number of prions will increase this will effect cell function and causes cell death

Question 2

For Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease list the clinical signs

Answer 2

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease list the clinical signs 
progressive ataxia
dysphagia (difficult swallowing)
-nystagmus (involuntary eye movement)
-myoclonus (muscle jerks )
-dementia

Question 3

For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy explain epidemiology

Answer 3

For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy epidemiology
young animals are more susceptible
prions replicate in the peyer’s patches of the ileum, and transported via peripheral nerves to the CNS
emission
not transmitted via milk, semen or embryos
possible vertical transmission NOT horizontal transmission

Question 4

For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy list clinical signs

Answer 4

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy list clinical signs
gait abnormalities, hyperresponsiveness to stimuli and tremors, increased aggression, nervousness or apprehension
lesions located in CNS

Question 5

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy discuss diagnosis

Answer 5

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy diagnosis
no live test
diagnosed by changes in the brain
detection of prions in CNS using immunostaining
ELISA

Question 6

For Variant Creutzfeldt-jacob disease discuss transmission

Answer 6

Variant Creutzfeldt-jacob disease
transmission
caused from eating BSE prions in contaminated animal tissue
infected via blood transfusions from asymptotical individuals
transmitted via transplantation

Question 7

For scrapes list the clinical signs

Answer 7

Scrapie clinical signs 
-first clinical signs are behavioural like standing away from the herd
-hypersensitivity to stimuli
ataxia 
-high stepping gait 
temors

Question 8

For scrapie discuss transmission

Answer 8

Scrapie transmission
when animals are infected they are infected for life and can transmit the agent even if they are asymptotic
occurs via ingestion

Question 9

Discuss the scrapie control

Answer 9

scrapie control

control and eradication programs are a thing

Question 10

Transmission fo chronic wasting disease

Answer 10

chronic wasting disease
direct contact
dead bodies