lecture 21

Question 1

for canine coronvirus discuss Pathogenesis

Answer 1

Pathogenesis canine coronvirus 
transmitted via faecal-oral route
causes mild enteritis of young dogs 
replicates in epithelial cells of intestines 
leads to diarrhea and dehydration 
this can be fatal

Question 2

Explain epidemiology of canine coronvirus

Answer 2

epidemiology of canine coronvirus CCoV
causes mild gastro-intestinal clinical signs
present in dogs housed in large groups like kennels, shelters
there are 2 types CCoV-I and CCoV-II

Question 3

How is canine coronvirus diagnosis

Answer 3

canine coronvirus diagnosis
difficult to diagnosis
PCR can determine the type of serotypes or genotypes
-serological tests can only determine if there has been exposure

Question 4

How is canine coronvirus prevented and treated

Answer 4

canine coronvirus
treatment; supportive care (good maintenance of fluid and electrolytes)
there are no anti-viral drugs
there are inactivated and modified live vaccine which isn’t recommended by AVA

Question 5

For Canine respiratory coronavirus discuss epidemiology

Answer 5

Canine respiratory coronavirus epidemiology
infection occurs in dogs of all ages
spreads through kennels and therefore is very contagious
enters the respiratory tract by inhalation of droplets to contact secretions
causes mild respiratory illness

Question 6

For Feline enteric coronavirus list the clinical signs

Answer 6

Feline enteric coronavirus clinical signs 
diarrhea most common in kittens 
voting 
mild signs not require therapy 
death is rare

Question 7

For Feline infectious peritonitis list the clinical signs and discuss the 2 types

Answer 7

Feline infectious peritonitis clinical signs
cats which are young and in a highly populated areas are highly susceptible
neurological signs because the brain and spinal cord is involved
dyspnoea (difficult breathing)
jaundice
masses on kidneys and mesenteric lymph noes
eye inflammation
2 types
wet (effusive) which has an accumulation of fluid in the chest or abdomen which causes breathing difficulties
Dry (not effusive) same clinical signs but no accumulation of fluid

Question 8

For Feline infectious peritonitis explain epidemiology in particular transmission

Answer 8

Feline infectious peritonitis epidemiology
resistances comes from genetic susceptibility
there is no evidence of direct transmission from cat to cat
transmission in effected by genetics susceptibility, age at time of exposure, stressors present at time of infection

Question 9

For Feline infectious peritonitis discuss detection and treatment in particular the levels of viremia

Answer 9

Feline infectious peritonitis detection and treatment
very common in shit and from diarrheic cats
shedding of this disease is consistence and infected cats have low viremia
there is no effective treatment or vaccine

Question 10

For Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus list the clinical signs

Answer 10

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus clinical signs; vomiting
profuse diarrhea
dehydration
excessive thirst
infects and destroys the epithelial cells of the jejunum and the ileum

Question 11

For Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus discuss treatment and prevention

Answer 11

Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus treatment and prevention
there is no treatment
just supportive treatment to prevent dehydration and heat loss
vaccination do not induce complete immunity

Question 12

For Porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus where does it replicate and list clinical signs

Answer 12

Porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus
primary site of replication is respiratory tract and can spread to CNS through peripheral nerves
vomiting
constipation
anorexia
this leads to death or chronic emaciation
acute encephalomyelitis (inflammation of brain and spinal cord).

Question 13

For Bovine coronavirus list clinical signs

diagnosis and treatment

Answer 13

Bovine coronavirus clinical signs  
enteritis 
profuse watery diarrhea 
faces with blood clots'
depression
weak suckling reflex 
dehydration 
diagnosis detection of ag ELISA and PCR
treatment is supportive there is no treatment

Question 14

For Equine coronavirus list the clinical signs

Answer 14

Equine coronavirus clinical signs  
anorexia
lethargy
fever 
colic 
changes in shit consistency 
occasionally leads to death

Question 15

For Infectious bronchitis virus list clinical signs

Answer 15

Infectious bronchitis virus clinical signs 
cough, sneeze and tracheal rales for 10-14 days 
conjunctivitis 
dyspnoea
facial swelling 
bacterial infection of the sinuses 
depression 
reduced feed consumption and weight gain

Question 16

For Infectious bronchitis virus list

Answer 16

Infectious bronchitis virus
detection of ag RT-PCR
there is no medication but antimicrobial therapy is used
vaccination with attenuated strain
many serotypes and therefore the vaccination protect again all serotypes