Lecture 23/2 - minor dairy spicies

Question 1

Vilka arter står för största delen av mjölkproduktionen?

Answer 1

• Cow, goat and sheep milks account for about
87% of the global milk production.
• Buffalo milk is ranked second in the world in
production, contributing with 13%

Question 2

Why are minor dairy species important?

Answer 2

• Key factor in household food security
– small-scale livestock holders supply the vast majority
of milk in developing countries

• Biodiversity, defined as variation in food
composition, contributes to a more diverse and
healthy diet

• Developing the biodiversity knowledge base also
provides motivation to maintain local species and
breeds that may otherwise become extinct

Question 3

För hur mycket av mjölken står får för?

Var används den mjölken mest och till vad?

Answer 3

• Approximately 2% of total milk production
• Of major interest in Mediterranean and
Middle Eastern countries with unfavourable
climatic conditions for cattle
• Practically all milk used to make cheese

Question 4

Vad är skillnaden mellan ko och får mjölk? stora drag

Answer 4

Sheep milk contains higher

total solids than cows milk

Question 5

För hur mycket av mjölken står goat för?

var används den mjölken mest och till vad?

Answer 5

• Goat milk production approximately 2%

• Main supplier of milk and meat in arid and semiarid
lands in Africa and Asia (92% of total global goat population)
– Can utilise pasture and forage that cattle find difficult
to consume
– “the cow of poor people”

• However, 16% of goat
milk produced in Europe
(Mediterranean region)
– Goat milk cheese

Question 6

Var används buffalo mjölken mest och till vad?

Hur mycket i den regionen står buffalo mjölken för

Answer 6

• In the Himalayan region
– Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is the primary
source of income earned from livestock
– 98% of the total milk consumed by the population

• Pakistan and India
– buffalo accounts for 63% and 56%, respectively, of
the total milk production
– 92% of worlds total buffalo milk production

Question 7

Varför är bufallo mjölk vitare?

Answer 7

• Whiter than milk from other species
– Higher casein concentrations
(milk solids in general) than milk from other mammalians
– Absence of carotens

Question 8

Var används yak mjölken mest och till vad?

Hur mycket i den regionen står yak mjölken för

Answer 8

• Mountainous regions of
China, Mongolia, Russia, Nepal, India,Bhutan,
Tajikistan and Uzbekistan
– populations rely heavily on yak (Bos grunniens) for
milk, meat, fur and transportation
– Milk production 150-500 kg per year
– Yak milk is dried in several factories in China,
Nepal and Mongolia for domestic consumption

Question 9

Var används mithun (typ av ko) mjölken mest och till vad?

Hur mycket i den regionen står mithun mjölken för

Answer 9

• Mainly found in the hill regions of India,
Myanmar, Bhutan and Bangladesh
• Important role in the economic, social and
cultural life of the local people
• Mithun cross cattle hybrids also used as milk
animals in parts of northeastern India and Bhutan

Question 10

Var används häst och donkey mjölken mest?

Hur mycket Mjölk ger de?

Answer 10

• Herds mainly found in Russia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, eastern and central Europe
• Multipurpose working animals
• Mare milk production 30-400 kg – 1000-2500 kg
per lactation; donkey approx 500 kg per lactation
• Equine milks suggested to be a better alternative
for infants, especially if cow milk allergies

Question 11

Var används camel mjölken mest och till vad?
Vilka arter finns?
Hur mycket står det för produktionen?

Answer 11

• In arid and semi-arid areas where cows are affected by heat and lack of water and feed
• Two existing species of camel:
– dromedary or Arabian camel (Camelus dromedaries)
– the Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus)
• Out of an estimated 18 million camels in the
world, only 2 million are Bactrian camels
• In Somalia, Mali and Ethiopia camel milk
represents about 40%, 17% and 12%,
respectively, of the total milk production

Question 12

Varför är kamelmjölk så bra?

Answer 12

• Camel milk for a long time acknowledged to
provide health benefits, e.g.:
– Hypocholesterolaemic
– Hypoglycaemic
– Antimicrobial
– Hypoallergenic

Question 13

Var används raindeer mjölken mest och till vad?

Answer 13

• Practised by some 20 ethnic groups
– from the Saami people of northern Scandinavia
and the Kola Peninsula, to the Koryak and Chukch
people of eastern Siberia

• Reindeer milking labour intensive

• Renewed interest in reindeer milk due to
expanding market of gourmet foods