Lecture 21 - Paediatrics

Question 1

Consequences of birth in saccular stage? (wk 26-36)

Answer 1

respiratory distress syndrome - lungs stiff (increased work), thickened gas transfer tissue (low ox high CO2), less surfactant (previous and alveolar collapse)

Question 2

Respiration support required?

Answer 2

intubated and ventilated

Question 3

Chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD) - early changes?

Answer 3

atelectasis and emphysema, hyperplasia of airway epithelium, interstitial oedema

Question 4

CLD - late changes?

Answer 4

interstitial fibrosis, hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle, pulmonary arteriolar musculature

Question 5

Signs of CLD?

Answer 5

persistant increased work of breathing, abnormal chest radiograph, babies born <32wk have oxygen requirement up to 36wk

Question 6

Micro sign of CLD?

Answer 6

increased cells in alveoli and interstitium, inflammation and scarring

Question 7

Signs of Whooping Cough?

Answer 7

paroxysmal cough, no foreign body history, apear well between coughs, can surpass immunisation, cough for 3-4 months

Question 8

Bronchiectasis?

Answer 8

damaged airway walls from repeated or severe pneumonia - damagedd lung with dilated scarred airways (X-Ray)