Lecture 20 - Lung Defense Mechanisms

Question 1

Lung Defense mechanisms?

Answer 1

maintain sterile alveolar environment, direct communication w external environment, numerous potential insults, high ventilation rate

Question 2

Upper airway defense mechanisms?

Answer 2

swallowing mechanism, epiglottis and glottis protecting lower airway, cough, sneeze

Question 3

Sources of mucus?

Answer 3

goblet cells, mucus glands

Question 4

Mucus distribution?

Answer 4

discontinuous in periphery, continuous and thicker centrally

Question 5

Peri-ciliary fluid origin and regulation?

Answer 5

clara cells, epithelial cells; active ion transport

Question 6

Correction of water ion transport?

Answer 6

gene transfer, stabilisers, potentiators, correctors, ENAC inhibitors

Question 7

Cough?

Answer 7

removal of material from LRT, effective to 16th gen, normal airway mucus too thin to be cleared, therefore removing thicker accumulation

Question 8

Defense mechanisms in lung periphery?

Answer 8

alveolar macrophage, PMN leukocyte, immunoglobins, lymphoid tissue

Question 9

Alveolar infection?

Answer 9

bacteria multiply in alveolus, alveolar macrophage migrates to site of infection, neutrophils do chemtaxis, capillaries leak exudate