Lecture 10 - Clinical Assessment of Lung Function

Question 1

Spirometry?

Answer 1

Concurrent measurement of flow and volume duirng maximum effort expiration followed by maximum effort inspiration

Question 2

Spirometry uses?

Answer 2

diagnose obstructive ventilatory defect, assess fitness, intervention or effect of workplace exposure

Question 3

Static Lung Volumes and TLC?

Answer 3

Measure all static volumes and capacities of the lung

Question 4

Static Lung Volumes/TLC Uses?

Answer 4

diagnosis of restrictive ventilatory defect

Question 5

Measurement techniques for residual volume?

Answer 5

Plethysmography, nitrogen washout, helium dilution

Question 6

Plethysmography function?

Answer 6

boyles law (P1V1 = P2V2), measuring pressures and change in volume to determine original volume

Question 7

Helium dilution function?

Answer 7

conservation of mass principle (C1V1=C2V2), when concentration in helium bucket doesnt change (C2), is equal to concentration in lung, therefore calculate volume

Question 8

Nitrogen wash-out function?

Answer 8

using V nitrogen / 0.79 (conc. of nitrogen) = Vfrc

Question 9

Single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLco)?

Answer 9

Evaluates transfer of gas from airspaces in pulmonary capillaries

Question 10

DLco uses?

Answer 10

evaluation of parenchymal lung disease, differentiating chronic bronchitis, emphysema and asthma, evaluating pulmonary involvement in systemic disease, arterial desaturation during exercise in lung disease

Question 11

Bronchodilator response - reversibility?

Answer 11

indicated by FEV1 increase of 12-15% (200mL or greater)

Question 12

Bronchodilator response uses?

Answer 12

indicate reversibility of airway obstructions, evaluate drug regimes for hyper-reactive airways, reversal of bronchospasm

Question 13

Bronchoprovation tests?

Answer 13

evaluation of airway hyper-responsiveness, indicated in diagnosis of asthma

Question 14

Challenge test types?

Answer 14

direct (pharmacological) and indirect (hypertonic challenges)

Question 15

Sensitivity?

Answer 15

percentage of asthmatics who test positive in specific screening

Question 16

Specificity?

Answer 16

percentage of patients without disease who test negative

Question 17

Progressive exercise test components?

Answer 17

ECG, BP, power output, exhaled gas analysis, arterial haemoglobin saturation

Question 18

Progressive exercise test interpretation?

Answer 18

assessing peak oxygen consumption and determining limitations to increases, measurement of stressors on cardio-pulmonary system

Question 19

CPET uses?

Answer 19

exercise capacity and impairment, treatment evaluation, cardiac transplant evaluation, dyspnoea evaluation