Lecture 21 Flashcards
Manufacturing uses ____ _____ water and ____ much of it
Very dirty and recycles
What consumes the most water in Canada and the world
Agriculture
What is the only industry that doesn’t have to report how much water they consume?
Mineral extraction
In 1900 how many million hectors of farmland was irrigated?
50
In 1950 how many million hectors of farmland was irrigated?
94
In 2000 how many million hectors of farmland was irrigated?
250
In 2000 how much total farmland was there?
1.5 billion
About how much of the total farmland in 2000 was irrigated and how much of the total food produced came from this irrigated farmland
1/6 and 1/3 of food
Irrigation has fallen or exceeded population growth
Fallen behind
What are 3 reasons why irrigation hasn’t raised on a global scale
1) Lack of global aid
2) Good locations are already used
3) Cost
In China how much per Hector is it to irrigate the land?
$1500
In Asia how much per hector is it to irrigate the land
$4000
In Mexico how much per hector is it to irrigate the land?
$10 000
In Africa how much per hector is it to irrigate the land?
$20 000
What are 2 issues in regards to irrigation and the environment
a) Waterlogging
b) Salinization
What is one example of overuse of irrigation for lakes
The inland Aral sea, was the 8th largest lake but now its currently almost fully dried up
What is one example of a river that irrigation has overused
Colorado River in the USA
What is the most productive agriculture zone in the USA
The Imperial Valley
How is wild rice grown in California
They flood fields about waist high in the desert
What are two examples of conflicts over the overuse of irrigation and water
a) The get-along-gang (Syria, Jordan, Israel) all use the Jordan river, they currently use 95% of stable run off but all 3 countries have said they are going to increase their individual use
b) The Nile river goes through and borders many countries and only the tail end goes through Egypt however since Egypt has the biggest army they control the whole river and say fuck em to everyone else
What are three water supply strategies?
1) Charge full price for supply
2) Technical fixes
3) Reuse waste water
What are 4 technical fixes that could be used to make water use more efficient on farms
a) Better sprinklers
b) Better water systems
c) Field leveling
d) Drip irrigation
What is drip irrigation?
When water is applied to crops directly at the roots through a system of underground pipelines
What’s one example of a community that reuses water and how much water is recycled?
Windhoela in Namibia , 23%
