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BIOL 1340 > Lecture 20 > Flashcards

Lecture 20 Flashcards

1
Q

____% of Canada’s area is lakes

A

8%

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2
Q

Canada has ____ lakes then any other country

A

more

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3
Q

_____% of Canada’s area is lakes and wetlands

A

20%

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4
Q

There are over _____ lakes with an area of over 1000km^2 in Canada

A

45

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5
Q

How many lakes are there in Manitoba that have an area over 1000km^2

A

8

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6
Q

Canada has or shares with the USA ___ of the worlds 20 largest lakes

A

7

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7
Q

Lake Winnipeg is number ____ of the worlds 20 largest lakes

A

13

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8
Q

Canadian rivers discharge about ____% of the worlds renewable water supply

A

9%

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9
Q

What are 5 issues facing water quality in Canada?

A

1) Infectious agents
2) Oxygen-demanding waste
3) Plant nutrients
4) Toxic inorganics
5) Toxic organics

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10
Q

What is the number 1 issue facing water quality in Canada?

A

Infectious agents

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11
Q

What infectious agent was found in Walkerton Ontario’s water supply in 2000 and what did it cause

A

E coli
7 deaths
5000 sick with bloody diarrhea

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12
Q

Where was Beaver fever found?

A

Giardia

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13
Q

Where/when was Cryptosporidium found and what did it cause?

A

In North Battleford in 2001

7000 sick with vomiting, diarrhea and high fever

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14
Q

Define oxygen-demanding waste

A

As organic matter is decomposed by bacteria and fungi those organisms are depleting the oxygen in the water and causing shit to die

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15
Q

What is oxygen demanding waste known as by scientists

A

BOD

Biological oxygen demand

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16
Q

What does BOD stand for

A

Biological oxygen demand

17
Q

When things are dumped in rivers what causes organisms to die?

A

The depletition of oxygen by the organisms decomposing the things dumped in the water

18
Q

What does plant nutrients in water lead too what is it ?

A

Eutrophication: When the agent of limiting the growth of organisms is removed

19
Q

What are 3 categories of toxic inorganics and 2 examples for each

A

1) Heavy metals (Lead, Hg)
2) Non metals (Br, S)
3) Acids and bases

20
Q

What are 3 categories of toxic organics?

A

1) Endocrine disruptors
2) Pulp and paper effluent
3) Sediment

21
Q

What’s one example of an endocrine disruptor and what does it do?

A

BPA which interferes with humans nervous systems

22
Q

Give an example of where pulp and paper effluent affected the ecosystem and why

A

In some areas of Lake Superior there are no male fish because the effluent of estrogen levels

23
Q

Why is sediment a problem for water quality?

A

It interferes with biological processes

24
Q

What are the 3 ways of water use in Canada and describe each

A

1) Withdrawal: Taking water out of an ecosystem but then returning it
2) Consumption: Taking water out of an ecosystem and not returning it to the same ecosystem
3) Group use: How much water is actually needed to do a job

25
Q

What is the largest withdrawal of water in Canada (2015) and why

A

Thermal power generation because they boil water to create steam to get power

26
Q

How many water systems are there in Canada

A

2500

27
Q

What are three levels of water treatment in Canada?

A

1) Primary
2) Secondary
3) Tertiary

28
Q

True or false; to achieve tertiary water treatment the water must go through primary and secondary treatment

A

True

29
Q

What method does primary water treatment use and what does it remove?

A

Filters and sedimentation

Lumps and Chunks

30
Q

Where are primary water systems mostly found?

A

Montreal and Quebec

31
Q

What method does secondary water treatment use and what does it remove?

A

Activated Sludge

Bacteria, other biota and BoO

32
Q

Where are secondary water systems found?

A

Winnipeg and Ontario?

33
Q

What methods does Tertiary systems use and what does it remove?

A

Many methods

Nutrients and heavy metals

34
Q

Where are tertiary water systems found?

A

Saskatchewan, Alberta and cities near the great lakes

35
Q

What provinces have no water systems, or about 50% of the population

A

Newfoundland and Labrador

The territories

36
Q

Why do only a few cities in Canada have tertiary water systems?

A

Because it costs a shit ton of money and those provinces aren’t close to any free water so they have to be able to return the water

37
Q

Why do some provinces not have any water treatment systems?

A

Because they are close to the ocean and therefore just dump it right back and get new water

BIOL 1340 (33 decks)

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