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BIOL 1340 > Lecture 14 > Flashcards

Lecture 14 Flashcards

1
Q

how many years of supply does coal have at the current rate consumption

A

135

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2
Q

Coal is the ______, ________ pollution giver of the fossil fuels

A

Dirtiest, largest

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3
Q

what does a hard path advocate for

A

advocates support for the development of large power plants/ generating systems that use coal and nuclear energy

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4
Q

What resources does hard path rely on

A

non-renewable

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5
Q

Hard path advocates believe that

A

new technologies or improvements in current technologies will solve the environment problem

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6
Q

Hard paths _____ the economy

A

drives

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7
Q

What does a soft path advocate for

A

Advocates the use of renewable resources and serious conservation programs

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8
Q

What does soft paths emphasize

A

the importance of the individuals ethical decisions

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9
Q

Give some examples of soft paths

A

Hydro/solar power, winds, tides, etc.,

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10
Q

Soft paths ______ the economy

A

harms

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11
Q

What are 5 things to keep in mind when making decisions regarding new energy sources

A

1) The energy we get out of a resource should not be exceeded by the energy we put into its exploration, extraction, transportation, refining and marketing
2) We must energy math as energy has different qualities
3) Must have more efficient energy conversions
4) Reduce pollution
5) Ensure safety

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12
Q

why are more efficient energy conversions important

A

because the more we convert energy the more we lose

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13
Q

What is the highest quality form of energy?

A

Electricity

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14
Q

What is the lowest quality form of energy?

A

Heat

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15
Q

We can utilize nuclear fuel to create energy in what two methods?

A

Fission and fussion

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16
Q

Describe nuclear fuel fission

A

Fission occurs when there is breaking apart of an atom

17
Q

What is necessary for fission to be possible

A

the element must be heavier than lead

18
Q

Uranium has how many isotopes?

A

2

19
Q

What are the two uranium isotopes and which is more common

A

238U - most common

235U - only about 0.7%

20
Q

Which uranium isotope can be used for fission and why

A

235U because its unstable

21
Q

Does the uranium need to be enriched to work? if so by how much?

A

235U must be 3-5%

22
Q

If we enrich 235U to 90% what does it make

A

a bomb

23
Q

what are the top three countries that use nuclear power plants?

A

1) USA
2) France
3) Russia

24
Q

To create electricity from 235U is the ____ process as creating a ____ from 235U

A

same , bomb

25
Q

What are the 5 pros of using uranium for electricity?

A

1) No CO2 produced
2) No air pollution
3) Fits the current electricity grid
4) Less mining and transportation per unit of energy then coal
5) Leaves the fossil fuels to do things that only fossil fuels can do like power a plane

26
Q

What are 3 cons of using uranium for electricity?

A

1) Cost
2) 5X capital over coal
3) Public perception

27
Q

What country utilized nuclear power plants at a high rate then had an extreme decline of use and why

A

Japan but stopped when it blew up realising a bunch of radiation

28
Q

One kg of Fusioned Hydrogen has the energy of about how many barrels of oil

A

100000

29
Q

Is nuclear fuel fusion currently being used, why or why not

A

not being used because we don’t currently have the technology to do so

30
Q

Describe oil sand and shale

A

Thick material like molasses in sand or sale

31
Q

What are the 2 pros of oil sand and shale

A

a) Lots of it available

b) No change in how we use fossil fuel currently

32
Q

What are 6 cons of oil sands and shale

A

a) Dirty
b) Lots of CO2 released
c) Lots of physical waste as volume increases
d) High energy demand to produce
e) Lots of water needed
f) Cost of production

33
Q

How much does it cost to make a barrel of oil using oil sands and shale currently?

A

$70

BIOL 1340 (33 decks)

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