Lecture #2 - Intro to physiology (Surface area and volume, tissue types) Flashcards
Diffusion
take in O2, take out CO2
Advantages of a high surface area to volume ratio?
Easy gas exchanges
Advantages of a low surface area to volume ratio?
Easier homeostasis
Disadvantages of a high surface area to volume ratio?
more difficult homeostasis
Disadvantages of a low surface area to volume ratio?
more difficult gas exchanges
Who has high surface area to volume ratio?
Small organisms
Flat organisms (ex: flat worms)
Hollow organisms (ex: hydra)
Who has low surface area to volume ratio?
Solid organisms
Large organisms
courd organisms
What is homeostasis?
maintaining a steady state
What is a negative feedback loop?
Negative feedback loops negate change
- prevents change from happening
- EX: Room is too hot, turn ac on to maintain temp that room was before
- EX: Room is too cold, turn on heat to maintain temp that room was before
What is a set point?
What you start with / want to maintain
What is positive feedback?
When change starts, change continues
- NOT used to maintain homeostasis, used to change state of organism
- EX: pregnancy
What are the 4 tissues types?
Nerve tissue
Muscle tissue
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissues
- one free side and one bound side
- covering or barrier or surface for exchange
Connective tissues
cells embeded in a background matrix (that’s not cellular)
Noncellular matrix types?
Fluid (EX: BLOOD)
Gellatinous (EX: Loose connective tissue of the skin)
Rubbery (EX: Cartilage)
Solid (EX: Bone)
