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Biol 1107 > Lecture #1 - Classifications, Hierarchy of study, approaches in biology, properties of living organisms > Flashcards

Lecture #1 - Classifications, Hierarchy of study, approaches in biology, properties of living organisms Flashcards

1
Q

How many species are there?

A

10-50 million

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2
Q

What are the 3 domains?

A

Eukaryotes, Bacteria, Archea

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3
Q

What are Eukaryotes?

A

They have a nucleus (Animals, plants, fungi, protists (algae))

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4
Q

What are prokaryotes?

A

They have no nucleus (bacteria and archea)

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5
Q

Hierarchy of study (smallest to largest)

A

Molecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
*Population
*Community
*Ecosystem
*Biosphere

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6
Q

What is an example of a molecule?

A

DNA

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7
Q

What is an example of an organelle

A

Mitochondria

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8
Q

What is a cell?

A

The basic unit of life

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9
Q

What is tissue?

A

Goop of cells with a common function/purpose

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10
Q

What is an organ?

A

Goop of tissues with a common function/purpose

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11
Q

What is an organ system?

A

Goop of organs with a common function/purpose

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12
Q

What is an organism?

A

An individual

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13
Q

What is a population?

A

Group of organisms at one place

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14
Q

What is a community?

A

All individuals of all species at one place

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15
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A

Living and non-living things in a community

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16
Q

What is a biosphere?

A

Where you find biological organisms

17
Q

What does a reductionist do?

A

Study problems at the finest level possible

18
Q

What is a holistic approach?

A

Study problems at as many levels as possible
- Important when there are emergent properties (ex: cells becoming tissue)
- this is how it differs from reductionist approach

19
Q

What are vitalists?

A

Vitalists believed that living organisms have a special energy or substance

20
Q

What are materialists?

A

Believe that living things are composed of the same “stuff” (ex: atoms) as nonliving things

21
Q

Properties of living organisms

A
  • Reproduce
  • Process energy (take in + use)
  • Grow and develop
  • Homeostasis
  • adaptation and evolution
  • composed of cells + need water (on EARTH)
  • respond to stimuli
22
Q

Views of science

A

Ideal and cynical

23
Q

Ideal view

A
  • Objective, observations
  • test hypotheses
  • progress
24
Q

Cynical view

A
  • subjective
  • many theories are equally valid
  • question wheather progress has been made

Biol 1107 (22 decks)

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