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SP2017 Micro Exam#2 > Lecture 2- Childhood Viral Diseases > Flashcards

Lecture 2- Childhood Viral Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Measles is a…. and it’s genome is… meaning it has to have a polymerase protein with it to be successful at replication

A

paramyxovirus

(-)ssRNA

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2
Q

Is measles enveloped ?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Measles replication takes place in the…

A

cytoplasm

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4
Q

Measles has a fusion protein that causes…

A

syncytia formation

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5
Q

Measles… out of the cell at the end of replication

A

buds

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6
Q

The disease measles is obtained through…

A

inhalation of aerosolized droplets

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7
Q

The incubation period of measles is….days

A

10-14

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8
Q

The primary infection of measles happens in the…. tissues and this is primary…

A
  • respiratory epithelial

- viremia

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9
Q

The symptom onset of measles coincides with…

A

the second round of virus replication

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10
Q

The secondary viremia stage of measles occurs in…

A
  • lymph nodes
  • tonsils
  • lungs
  • GI tract
  • spleen
  • skin
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11
Q

The 5 clinical symptoms of measles are (2-3 days after infection)

A
  1. conjunctivitis
  2. cough
  3. fever
  4. koplik’s spots
  5. characteristic rash
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12
Q

Recovery from measles is approximately… days after infection

A

20

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13
Q

… is the most deadly of the childhood rash/fever illnesses

A

measles

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14
Q

A possible complication of measles is…. which leads to opportunistic infections (Streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus and haemophilus influenzae)

A

immune suppression

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15
Q

Measles causes immune suppression by interfering with

A

CD46 and signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) receptors

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16
Q

A complication of measles can be… in … deficient children

A
  • blindness

- vitamin A

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17
Q

A complication of measles can be…. which is rare, 1:1000 children and is a demyelinating disease

A

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

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18
Q

A complication of measles can be …. which is very rare, 1:1,000,000 children, happens 7-10 years after infection and is a progressive neurological deterioration

A

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

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19
Q

… are described as small, bright red spots with bluish centers on buccal mucosa… pathognomonic for measles

A

koplik spots

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20
Q

3 ways to diagnose measles

A
  1. virus isolation in culture (difficult)
  2. serology
  3. ELISA
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21
Q

… is one of the most contagious diseases known

A

measles

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22
Q

The number of cases from one illness in a naive population for a measles infection is

A

15 to 20

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23
Q

With measles, people are infectious … prior to rash

A

2-3 days prior

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24
Q

In measles… are the only host

A

humans

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25
The most important way to prevent measles is through
vaccination
26
The measles vaccine is has... immunity, is a .... vaccine and is safe (autism and colitis correlation retracted)
- life long | - live attentuated
27
There are no antivirals for measles but providing... can reduce severity of a measles infection
-vitamin A
28
Measles was declared .... from the US in 2000 but remains common in other countries so it continues to be introduced in the US through international travel
eliminated
29
Respiratory Syncytial Virus is a.... and is... which means it needs to bring in a polymerase for successful replication
- paramyxovirus | - (-)ssRNA
30
Is Respiratory syncytial virus enveloped of not?
yes
31
RSV infects the.... and is limited to this area
ciliated cells in the respiratory tract epithelium
32
RSV has a .... that creates syncytia
fusion protein
33
RSV... from cellular surface like measles
buds
34
... is the most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory tract infections
RSV
35
Infection of RSV is by...
inhalation of aerosol, fomites (inadamant objects like doorknob)
36
RSV is limited to...
respiratory tract
37
Incubation period of RSV is.... days
4-5
38
RSV can cause a lower respiratory tract infection.... days after upper respiratory tract infection
1-3
39
Recovery from RSV takes... days after symptom onset
7-12
40
RSV is a virus that infects...
humans
41
RSV has no... reservoir
animal
42
Infection of RSV does not yield ...
life long immunity
43
In an RSV infection there is... cytotoxicity which is though to result in...
- low | - slower immune response
44
Risk factors for RSV are...
- attending day care | - school age siblings
45
Risk for more severe disease from RSV: (4)
- premature birth - male - second hand smoke - lack of breast feeding
46
... may be used for RSV prevention which is administered by inhalation
ribavirin (antiviral)
47
Is there a vaccine for RSV?
no
48
... which is a humanized monoclonal antibody is a possible prevention for RSV and it targets ... and given... once a month. This is an example of...
- Palivizumab - F protein - IM - Passive immunoprophylaxis
49
Varicella Zoster Virus also known as... is a.... and it's genome is... and it has... of proteins
- chickenpox - alphaherpesvirus - dsDNA, large - hundreds
50
Is Varicella enveloped?
yes
51
Varicella needs an.... cell for replication
active
52
In a resting cell, varicella causes a .... infection
latent
53
For varicella, replication happens in the ... this virus causes... and ... from the cellular surface
- nucelus - fusion - buds
54
Varicella infects.... cells 1st
neighboring
55
Infection of varicella occurs through...
inhalation of aerosolized droplets
56
Incubation period of varicella is...
10-21 days
57
... immunity is key to controlling varicella infection
cell mediated
58
Symptoms of varicella
1-fever | 2-rash
59
In a varicella infection, a rash will appear... days after symptom onset and it will progress for... days and will be primarily on the...
- 1-2 days - 3-6 days - scalp, face and trunk
60
Recovery for a varicella infection is usually.... post symptom onset
2 weeks
61
Chickenpox usually established latent infections that can be reactivated which is...
shingles
62
Chickenpox should not be confused with... the difference is chickenpox marks will be located on the... and smallpox marks will be on the...
- smallpox - torso - extremities
63
The primary prevention for varicella is...
vaccination
64
The vaccine for varicella has... immunity and is a.... vaccine
- life long | - live attenuated
65
Besides vaccination, there is also an... for chickenpox called...
- antiviral | - acyclovir
66
Acyclovir, which is an antiviral for chickenpox interferes with... but cannot eliminate a...and does not prevent... of cells
- genome replication - latent virus - infection
67
Poliovirus is a.... and it's genome is...
- Picornavirus | - (+)ssRNA
68
Is poliovirus enveloped?
-no | also no fusion
69
The proteins of poliovirus are...
- capsid VP1, VP2, VP3, VP4 | - nonstructural proteases, polymerases
70
Repilcation of Poliovirus is in the...
cytoplasm
71
Poliovirus is a ... transmission
fecal oral
72
Primary replication of Poliovirus is in.... of the small intestine. This is minor...
- Peyer's patches - small intestine - viremia
73
Infection of Poliovirus can be as few as...
100 TCID50
74
Fecal shedding of poliovirus happens for... weeks
6
75
There is... involvement in 1:200 of poliovirus infections
CNS
76
Risk factors for CNS involvement from Poliovirus are...
1. physical exertion 2. trauma 3. tonsillectomy
77
When there is CNS involvement in a poliovirus infection, the virus replicates in the... of brain and spinal cord. This causes.... from anterior horn damage and .... from damage to the medulla oblongata
- gray matter - limb paralysis - respiratory paralysis
78
The primary prevention for poliovirus is...
vaccination
79
There are 2 effective vaccines for poliovirus...
Salk- killed | Sabin- live attentuated
80
Poliovirus is targeted for...
eradication
81
Poliovirus only occurs in... there is no... reservoir
- humans | - animal reservoir
82
The Rotavirus is a... and its genome is...
-Reoviridae -dsRNA, (11 segmented genome)
83
Is Rotavirus enveloped?
no
84
Replication for rotavirus is in the...
cytoplasm
85
Rotavirus is passed through...
fecal oral transmission
86
Incubation of the rotavirus is... days, the symptoms are..
- 2 days | - vomiting and fever
87
Severe disease of Rotavirus is most common in...
6-24 month old children
88
There are ... vaccines available for rotavirus
-infant | Rotateq and Rotarix

SP2017 Micro Exam#2 (12 decks)

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