Lecture 10- Intro to parasites

Question 1

parasitic infection is distinct from

Answer 1

parasitic disease

Question 2

2 parasite types

Answer 2

helminths

protozoa

Question 3

many parasitic infections are… which is when its caused by agents that infect animales

Answer 3

zoonoses

Question 4

humans are… hosts for some parasite

Answer 4

dead end 
(life cycle doesnt complete)

Question 5

there are about 65000 species of… but most are harmless free-living inhabitants of water and soil

Answer 5

protozoa

Question 6

…protozoa have single nucleus, reproduce by sexual repr., some lack mitochondria and golgi, most are cysts and free-living and most are solitary

Answer 6

flagellated/mastigophora

Question 7

…, most of these are not motile except male gametes. They produce sporozoites following sexual reproduction, important in transmission of infections. Most form oocysts, entire group is parasitic

Answer 7

Sporozoa/apicomplexa

Question 8

examples of sporozoa/apicomplexa

Answer 8

plasmodium
toxoplasma gondii
cryptospordium

Question 9

examples of flagellated/mastigophora

Answer 9

trypanosoma
leishmania
giardia
trichomonas

Question 10

… was caused by failure of drinking water treatment in 93.

400k people infected

Answer 10

cryptospordium

Question 11

helminths/worms are…. and they are… due to large size.
They are protected by..
Larvae can develop into..

Answer 11

multicellular (metazoa)
extracellular
cuticle
dormant cysts

Question 12

disease of helminths is NOT a consequence of…

Answer 12

replication

Question 13

subdivisions of flatworms

Answer 13

cestodes (tapeworms)

trematodes (flukes)

Question 14

flatworms are from the phylum… and they are thin and often…

Answer 14

platyhelminthes

segmented

Question 15

the roundworms are from the phylum… and are also known as… they elongate are cylindrical and are unsegmented

Answer 15

aschelminthes

nematodes

Question 16

in malaria, the mosquito is the… and are essential step of life cycle

Answer 16

parasite vector

Question 17

3 entry ways of parasittes

Answer 17

1. oral (contaminated water or food)
2. penetration of skin (hookworm can get through unbroken skin)
3. arthropod-borne (get bitten)

Question 18

schisotosomiasis, … is required to allow parasite to grow which are not in N.A. or europe

Answer 18

snails

Question 19

spread and multiplication is determined by … and… tropisms

Answer 19

species

tissue

Question 20

leishmania donovani replicates at…
leishmania tropica replicates at..
degrees

Answer 20

37

25-30

Question 21

clinical manifestations of parasites can be through … or…

Answer 21

direct tissue damage (cytolysis)

immune response

Question 22

… disease presents with a swollen eye, symptomless stage, biten by a bug, causes damage to other organs, is irreversible and weakens body, sometimes fatal

Answer 22

chagas

Question 23

treatment and prevention (3)

must have 2 for eradication

Answer 23

1. chemoprophylaxis- preventative drugs
2. immunization
3. field control measures

Question 24

immunization problem with parasites is that many parasites… and sometimes continually change surface antigens

Answer 24

masquerade by coating themselves in host antigens

Question 25

most important protozoa, 156 plasmodium but only 3 infect humans

Answer 25

malaria

Question 26

parasites multiply… in liver and RBCs, send out gametocytes

Answer 26

asexually binary fission