lecture 2: child developement and standarized tests Flashcards by sophia carrasco

what is the AIMS assessment tool

alberta infant motor scales

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what kind of scale is the AIMS and what is observed

gross motor scale , scored on observation of spontaneous motor activity of infants

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what age group does the AIMS test

0-18 months

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what is the mobility and manipulation of a young toddler (12-18 months)

mobility: Gross Motor) walks freely, creeps up stairs,
stoops to pick up objects

manipulation: Fine Motor) precise release of pellet into small container, marks paper with crayon; palmar supinate grasp of pencil; builds tower using 2 cubes; points with index finger

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Toddler - Young Toddler (___ to ___ months)

Mobility: (Gross Motor) walks freely, creeps up stairs,stoops to pick up objects

Manipulation: (Fine Motor) precise release of pellet into small container, marks paper with crayon; palmar supinate grasp of pencil; builds tower using 2 cubes; points with index finger;

cognitive

language

social emotional

12 to 18 months

Cognitive: understands follows simple commands

Language: talks rather than gestures, says 15 meaningful words

Social Emotional: separation distress, imitates other
children

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what is the mobility and manipulation of a older toddler (____ months)

18-35 months

mobility: being to run ; creeps backwards down stairs or climbs stairs using railing

manipulation: Spontaneous scribbles; Strings beads;
Builds towers using cubes; holds crayon with thumb and fingers;

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Toddler – Older Toddler (18 to 35 months)

Mobility: Begins to run; creeps backwards down stairs or climbs stairs using railing

Manipulation: Spontaneous scribbles; Strings beads;
Builds towers using cubes; holds crayon with thumb and fingers;

Cognitive:

Language:

Social Emotional:

Cognitive: finds hidden objects through visible
displacement, activates toy or doll in pretend play

Language: understands multiword utterances and uses them to express thoughts “mommy up”

Social Emotional: separation distress, uses words to
protest

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Typical 2 yr. old:
Walks well and enjoys the pleasure of movement
through:
 running
 climbing up and down stairs ______
 _____ off a bottom step
 Jumping place
 ____ a ball
 Steering a push toy
 Rides ___

independently
jumping
kicking
tricycle

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when is the pincer grasp developed

10 months

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when is the palmar supinate grasp developed

12-15 months

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when is the digital pronate grasp developed

2-3 years

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when is the quadrupod grasp and/or static tripod grasp developed

3-4 years

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when is the dynamic tripod grasp developed

4-6 years

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a typical 2 1/2 year old can do what
walk on ___
jumps with ___ feet in place
jump __
stand on __ foot
walk upstairs w both ___ ___ ___
throw and catch a ball using ___ and ___ together
copy a ___
hold a crayon w ___ and ___
snip w ___
string ___ inch beads and build towers

walk on tiptoes
jumps with both feet in place
jump forward
stand on 1 foot
walk upstairs w both feed on step
throw and catch a ball using arms and body together
copy a circle
hold a crayon w thumb and finger
snip w scissor
string one inch beads and build towers

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what is a 3 y/o mobility and manipulation

Mobility: true run, walks upstairs alternating feet, rides tricycle with alternating feet; jumps over 2-inch
object; hops on one foot; jumps further; stands on one foot longer; walks down stairs alternating feet;

manipulation: copies circles; puts together simple
puzzles; strings small beads; static tripod emerging

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3 y/o

manipulation: copies circles; puts together simple
puzzles; strings small beads; static tripod emerging

cognitive

language

social emotional

Cognitive: tells simple story
 Language: speaks in more complete sentences
 Social Emotional: shows interest in how things work

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when can a kid tell a simple story

3 y/o

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what is the mobility and manipulation of a 3.5 y/o

Mobility: can hop a few steps on preferred leg, kicks a ball, mounts and dismounts 3-wheel riding vehicle

 Manipulation: traces diamond with angles rounded; cuts out circle; tripod static grasp

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3.5 y/o

Mobility: can hop a few steps on preferred leg, kicks a ball, mounts and dismounts 3-wheel riding vehicle

 Manipulation: traces diamond with angles rounded; cuts out circle; tripod static grasp

cognitive

language

social emotional

Cognitive: can count 5 objects,

 Language: requests re-reads of favorite books, scribble- writing

 Social Emotional: has difficulty generating alternative in a conflict, will learn aggressive behavior rapidly if
initially successful

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when can a kid start to gallop forward

4 y/o

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Mobility: walks down stairs alternating feet; gallops
forward; jumps forward 2 feet – feet together; walks
carrying object blocking view of floor; rotation of body follows throw of ball

 Manipulation: cuts straight line w/ CHILD scissors; Tripod grasp of pencil;

 Cognitive: gives age; matches and names 4 colors

 Language: creates questions

this describes what age

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what is the mobility and manipulation for a 4.5 y/o

Mobility: catches ball if prepared; jumps in air 2-3
inches leans forward when jumping from a height;

 Manipulation: copies squares, begins to button small button

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what is the cognitive and social emotional of a 4.5 y/o

count up to 15

poor at self control

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what is the mobility and manipulation of a 5 y/o

Mobility: can stop and change directions quickly
when running; can hop 8 to 10 steps on 1 foot; throws ball and hits target at 10 feet; roller skates; rides bike;

Manipulation: dynamic tripod grasp of pencil; copies
triangle;

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when is a kid able to count up to 20 and understand past, present and future

5 y/o

when can a kid skip?

6 y/o

when does a kid have a mature gait pattern

7 y/o

when can a kid jump rope

8 y/o

what is the development of walking from 12 to 15 months

independent walking achieved wide BOS and initially high guard UE position

what is the development of walking for a **2 y/o**

Reciprocal arm swing (big thing)  Heel strike (big thing)  DF during swing  Single limb stance time increases

when does a kid start to run

when is a kids running pattern mature with a true consistent flight phase

when does a kid initially start to hop

when does a kid start to hop forward on either foot and without assistance for 10 ft

4.5 - 5.5

how is a kid **jumping** at **2 y/o**

jumping off bottom step jumping in place

how is a kid jumping at 2.5 y/o

jumps with both feet in place jumps forward

how is a 3 y/o jumping

jumps over 2 in object

how is a 4 y/o jumping

jump forward with 2 feet together

the development of the UE , function invovled what 3 things and what are those scot voters critical for

reach , grasp, and release critical for environmental exploration , learning anf self feeding

when does a baby bring hands to midline (supine(

3 months

when is an infant reaching for object with **open hand**

4-6 months

when does a kid **transfer object** from hand to hand (SUPINE)

5 to 7 months

when is the use of **ulnar palmar grasp** developed

4 month

when is the use of palmar grasp develope

5 months

when is the use of radial digital grasp developed

7 months

when is the development of raking tiny objects developed

7 months

when is the **superier or fine pincer grasp** developed

12 months

when is the **static tripod grasp** developed

3 1/2 (hands move as a unit)

when is the **dynamic tripod grasp** developed

5 years

Especially during the first year there is a great ____ among infant development

variability

what is the importance of standardized testing  Improved ____  Provision of ____  Increased ____  Enhanced communication between professionals

 Improved objectivity  Provision of measurability  Increased reliability  Enhanced communication between professionals

what are the 2 categories that the standardized test are divided into

norm reference vs criterion referenced evaluation vs assessment vs screen

what does the **norm referenced standized test** compare

comparison between a specific child and a typically developing child of the same age

when is the norm referenced standardized test most appropriated

when the purpose is to determine whether a child has a motor delay or to detemine eligibility for early intervention

what does the **criterion referenced standardized test** compare

comparisons of specific criteria rather than comparison to a normal group

when is the **criterion referenced** appropriate for

evaluation of the effects of intervention and treatment planning

what are the 2 common pediatric **norm preferences test**

peabody developmental motor scales (PDMS-2) alberta infant motor scale (AIMS)

what is the common pediatric **criterion referenced tests**

hawaii early learning profile (HELP)

 **Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-2)**  **Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS)**  Miller Assessment of Preschoolers  PEDI: Pediatric Evaluation and Disability Index  Toddler and Infant Motor Evaluation (TIME)  Bruininks-Oseretsky Test 2 (BOT2)  Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID)  Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC) these are all what kind of pediatric test

norm referenced tests

what is the **criterion referenced test** used for kids with **CP**

gross motor function measure (GMFM)

what are the 5 common pediatric **criterion referenced test**

 Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)  Hawaii Early Learning Profile (HELP)**  Melbourne Assessment  Sensory Profile  Test of Sensory Function in Infants

what is the difference between reliability and validity

reliability: consistency of test results validity: accuracy of test results

what is the difference between intrarater and interrater reliability

intra: stability over time with SAME examiner inter: stability between examiners

what is standardized screening used to identify , detect and formulate

to identify the risk for dysfunction in specific categories of children detect the risk for dysfunction formulate a register or monitoring system for children identified at risk

what is an example of a **standardized screening**

alberta infant motor scale (AIMS)

what does a **standardized evaluation** help determine , what does it identify , what does it obtain , and what does it determine

help detemine a diagnosis identify atypical development. obtain baseline information on child performance determine eligibility for service

what kind of test are usually used

norm referenced

when is a **standardized screening** usually done

regular intervals

when is a **standardized evaluation** usually done

once or infrequently

what is an example of standardized evaluation

gross motor function measure (GMFM)

what is a **standardized assessment** used to plan and delineate

to oplan an intervention program to delineate strengths , weaknesses , and needs across domains and environments

standardized assessments are often what

criterion referenced

when is a standardized assessment done

on an on going basis

what is an example of a **standardized assessment**

hawaii early learning profile (HELP) | criterion referenced

what does the **hawaii early learning profile** provide

estimated age of development

what are the 6 domains of the HELP

 Gross Motor  Fine Motor  Cognitive  Language  Social-Emotional  Self-Help