Lecture 2-5 (Microscopy/Taxonomy/Macromolecules) Flashcards
What are the Correct terms for the following descriptions?
A. Relative increase in image size
B. The ability to distinguish two points that are close together
C. The ability to detect objects against a background
D. Sets limit of resolution
A. Magnification
B. Resolution
C. Contrast
D. Light Quality
One advantage of phase-contrast microscopy is what?
A. The cells can be alive
B. It is great at observing internal structures
C. The cells are killed so it is safer
D. It doesn’t require light
A.
Fluorescence microscopy is similar to using stains in regards to improving what?
A. Light Quality
B. Magnification
C. Contrast
D. Resolution
C.
If you needed to observe internal subcellular structures that are smaller than 100 nanometers, which technique would be most appropriate?
A. Fluorescence Microscopy
B. Transmission Electron Microscopy
C. Atomic Force Microscopy
D. Differential Staining
B.
If you needed to observe the relative location of two large proteins simultaneously inside a living cell, which technique would be most appropriate?
A. Phase Contrast Microscopy
B. Differential Staining
C. Scanning Electron Microscopy
D. Fluorescence Microscopy
D.
If you wanted to compare two bacteria that are suspected to be closely related, then what would be the least effective method?
A. Numerical taxonomy based on their ability to use different carbon sources.
B. Polyphasic approach using genome sequence data and interesting traits.
C. An in silico DNA-DNA hybridization of their sequenced genomes.
D. Just sequence their 16S rRNA genes and compare to a database.
A.
A good molecular chronometer would be one that:
A. As time passes, bacteria rapidly accumulate mutations and the sequence of the molecular chronometer is completely different between organisms.
B. As time passes, bacterial accumulate mutations and the sequence of the molecular chronometer slowly changes.
C. As time passes, bacterial accumulate mutations and the sequence of the molecular chronometer rapidly changes in every generation.
D. As time passes, bacteria are in a stable state and the sequence of the molecular chronometer does not change.
B.
Which of the following is true about the 16S rRNA gene?
A. The biological function of the 16S rRNA serves a different function depending on the bacterium.
B. It is specifically only found in bacteria.
C. This gene mutates incredibly rapidly in a uniform manner over its entire sequence.
D. You can find the 16S rRNA gene in mitochondria
D.
A ___________ acts as a benchmark for taxonomy, especially if determining what species a particular bacterium belongs to.
A. Species
B. Isolate
C. Type Strain
D. Disease
C.
Based on their label alone, you can say that E. coli O2:H7 and E. coli O157:H7 are the same species but are different what?
A. Serovars.
B. Pathovars.
C. Biovars.
D. Genera.
A.
Be able to Look at Lewis structures of DNA/RNA/Polysaccharides/ Saturated & Unsaturated Fatty Acids/ Amino Acids and Know the DIFFERENCES
What is the a True statement about D-form Fructose and a L-from Fructose?
A. If the hydroxyl is on the Right it is a L-form Fructose
B. If the hydroxyl is on the Left it is a D-form Fructose
C. If the hydroxyl is on the Right it is a D-form Fructose
D. The High amounts of D-form Fructose will kill you faster than High amounts of L-form Fructose.
C.
For a structural polysaccharide, like those found in cell walls, you would expect that most of the monosaccharides are linked via what type of linkage?
A. Alpha Linkages
B. Gamma Linkages.
C. Delta Linkages
D. Beta Linkages
D.
In general, RNA is much less stable than DNA because it is a simpler molecule.
T/F
True
New nucleotides are added to what end of DNA?
3’
