Lecture 11-13.5 (Catabolism & Anabolism) Flashcards
How do cells typically lower the activation energy of a reaction?
A.By using super oxide radials.
B. By expending much more ATP.
C. By using Enzymes
D. By donating electrons with NADH.
C.
Because of the proton motive force, in most bacterial cells there is an overall 1. _________ charge on the cytoplasmic (inside) side of the cell membrane and a 2._________ charge on the periplasmic (outside) side of the membrane.
- Negative
- Positive
From our discussion in class, in regards to Chlamydia trachomatis being unable to make it’s own ATP, which of the follow would be most useful for this pathogen in regards to ATP?
A. Passive diffusion
B. ATP/ADP antiporter
C. PTS system
D. ATP/ADP symporter
B.
In general, what is the primary function of the pentose phosphate pathway?
A. Rearrange sugars into more useful forms.
B. Generate ATP.
C. Regenerate NAD+.
D. Import glucose into the cell.
A.
What is the net output of glycolysis from one glucose molecule?
A. 4 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate.
B. 2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate.
C. 4 ATP, 2 NADH, and 1 pyruvate.
D. 2 ATP, 2 NAD+, and 2 pyruvate.
B.
The main purpose of fermentation is to do what?
A. Generate extra NADH.
B. Synthesize more ethanol for the bacterium to grow on.
C. Regenerate the NAD+ pool.
D. Supply electrons the the electron transport chain.
C.
In a typical chemoorganoheterotroph, what would be the likely consequence of inhibiting the function of quinones?
A. A significant loss of proton gradient.
B. Increase in NAD+ concentrations to dangerously high levels.
C. Reduction in NADH pools.
D. Generation of reactive oxygen species.
A.
For lithotrophic organisms, substrates like hydrogen gas, sulfide, and iron can be used to
1. ___________, however,
2._______________
is the least efficient at this.
Drop down box options for 1.
A. Be the terminal Electron acceptor along with Oxygen
B. Transfer the Electrons between the Electron Transport chain proteins
C. Donate Electrons to regenerate NADH
D. Pump out of the cell to form a Gradient for ATP synthase
Drop down Box for 2.
A. Iron
B. None of these
C. Hydrogen
D. Sulfide
- C. Donate Electrons to regenerate NADH
- A. Iron
For cyclic phototrophy the reaction center is the original electron donor, while terminal electron acceptor is what?
A. Carbon dioxide.
B. The reaction center.
C. Hydrogen sulfide.
D. The electron transport chain.
B.
How does an organism generate NADH during oxygenic acyclic phototrophy?
A. By using a secondary photosystem.
B. Taking electrons from oxygen.
C. Using photons to elevate the energy state of NAD+
D. Using electrons to oxidize NAD+
A.
What is the other name for Embden-Myerhoff Parnas Pathway?
Glycosis
What enzyme is need to Start Carbon Fixation?
RuBiSCO
What are the three steps of Carbon fixation and what does it do?
Step 1. Carboxylation
Step 2. Reduction
Step 3: Rearrangement
It builds Sugars from CO2
