Exam #2 (Motility & Chemotaxis - Bacterial Catabolism) Flashcards
Which mode of motility utilizes the transfer of gasses within a bacterial cell?
A. Twitching
B. Swimming
C. Floating
D. Gliding
C.
Fill in the Blank. You would expect a 1._____
flagellar organization to have a “run-and-tumble’ swimming pattern while a 2._____
organization to have a “run-reverse-flick” swimming pattern.
Drop down box options:
Amphitrichous
Monotrichous
Peritrichous
Flagellate (No flagella)
- Peritrichous
- Monotrichous
The bacterial flagellum is a simple structure consisting of only three proteins.
T/F
False. Why, because it is a Complex structure and has over 30 different proteins
Which of the following proteins would serve as the anchor to the cell membrane but not directly involved with energy production powering a flagellum.
A. MotA
B. Noc
C. PomA
D. MotB
D.
You discover that a bacterium has the protein complex NQR encoded in its genome, so it’s reasonable to suspect its flagellum is powered by what?
A. Proton Gradients
B. ATP
C. Hydrogen
D. Sodium gradient
D.
Flagellum assemble from inside-out.
T/F
True
Both swimming and swarming motility are considered a social or group behavior.
True/False
False. Why, because Swimming in individual.
Chemotaxis is a response to chemical ________
A. Gradients over a time period
B. Presence or absence.
C. Gradients over a spatial area.
D. Concentrations from a specific direction.
A.
Chemotaxis is a specialized two-component system. The protein CheA is considered the histidine kinase (HK) involved with phosphorylating other proteins, while CheY acts as the response regulator (RR) that is activated and induces a response.
T/F
True
What protein is required for Gliding motility?
AgIZ
The motor in flagellar rotations is inherently biased toward CW rotation.
False
When an MCP is fully methylated, what will occur?
A. The MCP is more sensitive to attractants.
B. CheA will autophosphorylate.
C. The flagellum rotation will start to be biased towards CCW rotation.
D. CheB is dephosphorylated.
B.
A bacterium that maintains a mostly tumble swimming behavior in the presence of an attractant likely has a mutation in which of these proteins?
A. CheB
B. CheY
C. CheR
D. MotA
A.
- ______ inhibits the actions of MinC, while 2. ________ in essential for the function of MinC.
- MinE
- MinD
You would expect ppGpp signaling to begin during which growth phase?
A. lag Phase
B. Stationary Phase
C. log Phase
D. Death Phase
B.
Which of these triggers for ppGpp is False?
A. Decrease in cell wall cross-linking
B. Decrease in cell size
C. Both are False
D. Both are True
A.
Primary active transport moves molecules by
1. ___________
, and secondary transport does this by 2. ________
Drop down box options
A. Concentration gradients
B. Coupling a more favorable reaction
C. Phosphorylation
D. Expending ATP
- D. Expending ATP
- B. Coupling a more favorable reaction
Which of the following is true about phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent transport system (PTS) transport?
A. Requires PMF to power it.
B. Cannot transport substrates against a gradient.
C. The PTS system phosphorylates CheY
D. Substrates are chemically modified for PTS transport.
D.
What powers each of the secretion systems?
Sec - ATP
Type II - ATP
Type III - Proton Gradient
TAT - Proton Gradient
An folded protein can be transported from the cytoplasm into the periplasm (the space between the inner and outer membrane) using the 1. __________ secretion system, and then it could be exported from the periplasm to the outside of the cell using the 2. ________ system.
- TAT
- Type II
Which of the following is a energy intermediate not typically associated with catabolism?
A. NADH
B. Proton motive force
C. NADPH
D. ATP
C.
If glycolysis was allowed to run without additional processes like fermentation or the electron transport chain, what would be the outcome?
A. More ATP produced
B. Rapid depletion of NAD+ pools
C. A depletion of NADPH pools
D. Nothing as long as NADH is present
B.
If given an Electron tower where would you find the Best Electron Donors and Best Electron Acceptors?
The Best Electron Donors are found at the TOP
Best Electron Acceptors are at the BOTTOM
Based on the electron tower, the most effective redox pairs (i.e. most opportunity for energy production) would be molecules that are ones listed right next to each other.
T/F
False
A major issue with generating NADH for lithotrophs that use iron (Fe3+) as an electron donor would be what?
A. Iron cannot be used for the electron transport chain.
B. NADH is not an effective electron donor.
C. Iron is not an effective election acceptor.
D. Iron is not an effective electron donor.
D.
In phototrophic organisms, the reaction centers are where electrons are excited by photons, and the antenna complexes with accessory pigments are use to funnel electrons.
T/F
True
RuBiSCO and Nitrogenase are very important enzymes for a variety of bacteria, however, they are both highly susceptible to inactivation by what?
A. Water
B. Oxygen
C. NAD+
D. UV radiation
B.
For cyclic phototrophy, ATP is directly generated from what?
A. Water
B. RuBISCO
C. ATP synthase
D. Nitrogenase
C.
For oxygenic acyclic phototrophy, elections are obtained from 1. ___________
and donated to the first photosystem. These elections are then energized from sunlight and then donated to A second photosystem.
Drop box options:
Water
Reduced Carbon
Oxygen
NADH
- Water
