Exam #2 (Motility & Chemotaxis - Bacterial Catabolism)

Question 1

Which mode of motility utilizes the transfer of gasses within a bacterial cell?
A. Twitching
B. Swimming
C. Floating
D. Gliding

Answer 1

C.

Question 2

Fill in the Blank. You would expect a 1._____
flagellar organization to have a “run-and-tumble’ swimming pattern while a 2._____
organization to have a “run-reverse-flick” swimming pattern.
Drop down box options:
Amphitrichous
Monotrichous
Peritrichous
Flagellate (No flagella)

Answer 2

1. Peritrichous
2. Monotrichous

Question 3

The bacterial flagellum is a simple structure consisting of only three proteins.
T/F

Answer 3

False. Why, because it is a Complex structure and has over 30 different proteins

Question 4

Which of the following proteins would serve as the anchor to the cell membrane but not directly involved with energy production powering a flagellum.
A. MotA
B. Noc
C. PomA
D. MotB

Answer 4

D.

Question 5

You discover that a bacterium has the protein complex NQR encoded in its genome, so it’s reasonable to suspect its flagellum is powered by what?
A. Proton Gradients
B. ATP
C. Hydrogen
D. Sodium gradient

Answer 5

D.

Question 6

Flagellum assemble from inside-out.
T/F

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Both swimming and swarming motility are considered a social or group behavior.
True/False

Answer 7

False. Why, because Swimming in individual.

Question 8

Chemotaxis is a response to chemical ________
A. Gradients over a time period
B. Presence or absence.
C. Gradients over a spatial area.
D. Concentrations from a specific direction.

Answer 8

A.

Question 9

Chemotaxis is a specialized two-component system. The protein CheA is considered the histidine kinase (HK) involved with phosphorylating other proteins, while CheY acts as the response regulator (RR) that is activated and induces a response.
T/F

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What protein is required for Gliding motility?

Answer 10

AgIZ

Question 11

The motor in flagellar rotations is inherently biased toward CW rotation.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

When an MCP is fully methylated, what will occur?
A. The MCP is more sensitive to attractants.
B. CheA will autophosphorylate.
C. The flagellum rotation will start to be biased towards CCW rotation.
D. CheB is dephosphorylated.

Answer 12

B.

Question 13

A bacterium that maintains a mostly tumble swimming behavior in the presence of an attractant likely has a mutation in which of these proteins?
A. CheB
B. CheY
C. CheR
D. MotA

Answer 13

A.

Question 14

1. ______ inhibits the actions of MinC, while 2. ________ in essential for the function of MinC.

Answer 14

1. MinE
2. MinD

Question 15

You would expect ppGpp signaling to begin during which growth phase?
A. lag Phase
B. Stationary Phase
C. log Phase
D. Death Phase

Answer 15

B.

Question 16

Which of these triggers for ppGpp is False?
A. Decrease in cell wall cross-linking
B. Decrease in cell size
C. Both are False
D. Both are True

Answer 16

A.

Question 17

Primary active transport moves molecules by
1. ___________
, and secondary transport does this by 2. ________
Drop down box options
A. Concentration gradients
B. Coupling a more favorable reaction
C. Phosphorylation
D. Expending ATP

Answer 17

1. D. Expending ATP
2. B. Coupling a more favorable reaction

Question 18

Which of the following is true about phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent transport system (PTS) transport?
A. Requires PMF to power it.
B. Cannot transport substrates against a gradient.
C. The PTS system phosphorylates CheY
D. Substrates are chemically modified for PTS transport.

Answer 18

D.

Question 19

What powers each of the secretion systems?

Answer 19

Sec - ATP
Type II - ATP
Type III - Proton Gradient
TAT - Proton Gradient

Question 20

An folded protein can be transported from the cytoplasm into the periplasm (the space between the inner and outer membrane) using the 1. __________ secretion system, and then it could be exported from the periplasm to the outside of the cell using the 2. ________ system.

Answer 20

1. TAT
2. Type II

Question 21

Which of the following is a energy intermediate not typically associated with catabolism?
A. NADH
B. Proton motive force
C. NADPH
D. ATP

Answer 21

C.

Question 22

If glycolysis was allowed to run without additional processes like fermentation or the electron transport chain, what would be the outcome?
A. More ATP produced
B. Rapid depletion of NAD+ pools
C. A depletion of NADPH pools
D. Nothing as long as NADH is present

Answer 22

B.

Question 23

If given an Electron tower where would you find the Best Electron Donors and Best Electron Acceptors?

Answer 23

The Best Electron Donors are found at the TOP
Best Electron Acceptors are at the BOTTOM

Question 24

Based on the electron tower, the most effective redox pairs (i.e. most opportunity for energy production) would be molecules that are ones listed right next to each other.
T/F

Answer 24

False

Question 25

A major issue with generating NADH for lithotrophs that use iron (Fe3+) as an electron donor would be what?
A. Iron cannot be used for the electron transport chain.
B. NADH is not an effective electron donor.
C. Iron is not an effective election acceptor.
D. Iron is not an effective electron donor.

Answer 25

D.

Question 26

In phototrophic organisms, the reaction centers are where electrons are excited by photons, and the antenna complexes with accessory pigments are use to funnel electrons.
T/F

Answer 26

True

Question 27

RuBiSCO and Nitrogenase are very important enzymes for a variety of bacteria, however, they are both highly susceptible to inactivation by what?
A. Water
B. Oxygen
C. NAD+
D. UV radiation

Answer 27

B.

Question 28

For cyclic phototrophy, ATP is directly generated from what?
A. Water
B. RuBISCO
C. ATP synthase
D. Nitrogenase

Answer 28

C.

Question 29

For oxygenic acyclic phototrophy, elections are obtained from 1. ___________
and donated to the first photosystem. These elections are then energized from sunlight and then donated to A second photosystem.
Drop box options:
Water
Reduced Carbon
Oxygen
NADH

Answer 29

1. Water