Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main parts of a virus

A

protein and nucleic acid

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2
Q

What is the protein shell called

A

capsid

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3
Q

What is the complete virus particle called?

A

virion

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4
Q

What does an enveloped virus have that a naked capsid virus does not?

A

glycoproteins and membrane

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5
Q

What 3 types of damage do capsids protect against?

A

physical damage, chemical damage, and enzymatic damage

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6
Q

What shows the intensity of nucleic acid bands?

A

protein electrophoresis

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7
Q

Why do viruses have repeated capsid subunits?

A

less nucleic acid to code, and it can assemble easily and efficiently

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8
Q

Why is it difficult to purify native (non-denatured) viral proteins?

A

they easily bind to each other and precipitate from the solution

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9
Q

Where is the envelop derived from?

A

Host lipid bilayer

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10
Q

What are the three types of host-derived lipid bilayers?

A

peri-nuclear, de novo, and plasma/cytoplasmic

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11
Q

What codes for glycoproteins?

A

viral genes

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12
Q

Where are carbohydrates formed?

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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13
Q

multiple protein subunits form spikes or peplomers

A

multimeric

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14
Q

usually causes cold-like symptoms but can also cause more severe diseases like pneumonia and bronchiolitis

A

respiratory syncytial virus

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15
Q

an inflammation of the small airways in the lung with increased mucus production and bronchospasms

A

bronchiolitis

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16
Q

contraction and relaxation of the small airways

A

bronchospasms

17
Q

How do RSV infections start out in children?

A

fever, mild cough, congestion

18
Q

which nucleocapsid shape is almost spherical?

A

icosahedral

19
Q

what shape is picornavirus?

A

icosahedral

20
Q

which 2 viruses have 2 capsid shells?

A

reovirus and orbivirus

21
Q

What kind of symetry does the tobacco mosaic virus have?

A

helical

22
Q

Which type of nucleic acid can act as mRNA?

A

+

23
Q

Which type of NA viruses have a larger range in genome size?

A

DNA

24
Q

How many segments do reoviruses, rotaviruses and orbiviruses have?

A

10-12 dsRNA

25
Q

How many segments does influenza genome have?

A

8

26
Q

How many segments does bunyavirus have?

A

3

27
Q

How many segments does arena virus have?

A

2

28
Q

What is special about segmented genomes?

A

they can reassort

29
Q

herpes and retroviruses have 400 bases that are similar on each end. this is called…?

A

terminal redundancy

30
Q

Name the DNA viruses

A

Parvoviridae, papillomaviridae, adenoviridae, herpesviridae, poxviridae, hepadnaviridae

31
Q

DNA or RNA as messenger +RNA

A

transfection

32
Q

why aren’t -RNA viruses infectious?

A

they require virus coded enzymes to make +RNA

33
Q

What kind of proteins do viruses have?

A

Structural, nonstructural, glycoproteins, hemagluttins, (possibly cell enzymes)