Exam4 pt 2 Flashcards by Sarah Vititoe

What communities have a higher rate of HepA?

alaska natives, american indians

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What is the recommended schedule for HepA vax for children and adolescents

3 doses, at 0, 1, and 6-12 mo

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What is the recommended schedule for HepA fax for adults

0, 6-12 mo

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How long can HepA live outside of the body?

Can live outside the body for months, depending on the enviornment

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How is HepA inactivated?

heating to 185 degrees for 1 min

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Can HepA be present in cooked food?

yes if exposed after vooking

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What inactivated HepA in the water supply?

adequate chlorination

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How soon after exposure should a person exposed to HepA be vaccinated in order to be protected?

within 14 days

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What is the source of Hep B?

blood, blood derived body fluids

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What is the route of transmission for HepB?

percutaneous permucosal

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Is HepB chronic?

yes

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How is HepB prevented?

pre/post exposure immunixation

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What family is HepB in?

Hepadnaviridae, mammilan genus

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What is the structure of HepB

enveloped icosahedrol

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What is the genome of HepB like

ds and ss DNA together

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What proteins are in HepB virion

reverse transriptase, DNA pol, RNase

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What type of hepatitis does HepB cause?

Serum hepatitis

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How is HepB transmitted?

sexual, parenteral, perinatal

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Which Hep is associated with liver cancer?

HepB, HepC

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What types of vaccines are available for HepB

Serum derived and recombinant produced vaccine

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what is the replication cycle of HepB

DNA, ccDNA, pregenome RNA, RNA?DNA to genomic ssDNA/dsDNA

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What are the infection outcomes of acute HepB

subclinical, iceteric heptitis

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What are the chronic infection outcomes for HepB

asymptomatic, chronic persisent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis (hepatocellular carcinoma)

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What is the incubation period of HepB

60-90 days

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Who with a Hepb infection tends to be jaundice?

those older than 5

Which Hep threatens to wipe out two amazon tribes?

HepB

Where is the highest concentration of HepB found in body fluids?

high in blood, serum ,and wounds

Which body fluids have a moderate amount of HepB

semen, vagianl fluid, saliva

What is the elimination strategy for HepB?

prevent perinatal HBV transmission, routine vac, fax children in high risk groups,

What drug may be effective for HepB?

AIDS drugs

What plant was GMOed to produce Hep B vaccine?

carrots

What is the source of Hep C infections

blood, blood derived fluids

What is the route of transmission for Hep C?

percutaneous permucosal

is HepC chronic?

yes

how do you prevent HepC?

blood donor screening, risk behavior modification

What is the most common blood borne infection in the US

HepC

What fam is HepC in?

flaviviridae, hepacivurs genus

What is the morphology of HepC

eneloped icosahedral

What is the genome of HepC

+ssRNA

How is HepC trasnmsitted?

blood transfusion, IV drugs, sex

How long is the incubation period for Hep C?

6-7 weeks

What are some symptoms of HepC?

mild acute jaundice, chronic infection in most, cirrhosis, possible mortalty

Which virus is four times more common than HIV in IV drug users

HepC

2 ways HepC can be transmitted through contaminated equipment ?

hemodialysis, endoscopy

What are risk factors for sexual transmission of HepC?

infected partner, multiple partners, early sex, lack of condoms, other STDS, sex with trauma

Which sex transmission type is most efficient for HepC?

Male to Female

What are some ways HepC could be transmitted through a household?

contaminated equipment used for home remedies, contaminated personal articles

How can you prevent spreading HepC to someone else?

don't donate blood, don't share items with blood, cover cuts, reduce sexual risk

Does the preexposure prophylaxis for HepC have an antibody responseE?

What are two drugs used for HepC?

Ribavirin (analogue of guanosine) Telaprevir

What is the source of HepD?

blood/blood derived

What is the route of HepD transmission?

precutaneous permucuosal

Is HepD a chronic infection?

yes

How can you prevent HepD?

pre/post exposure immunization, risk behavior modification

What family is the HepD virus in?

deltavirus

What is the morphology of HepD?

viroidlike, spherical

What is the dan of HepDlike?

-RNA, circular

HepD requires confection with

HepB

What does HepD use HepB for?

used HepB surface antigen as envelope

How is HepD transmitted

parental transmission for IV drug, open sores, parental and sexual

What is the incubation period for HepD?

6w to 6m

What are some symptoms of HepD?

severe hepatitis then chronic active hepatitis to cirrhosis of liver

Where is HepD found in very high concentrations?

blood

What vaccine helps with HepD?

HepB, alpha interferon

What are the clinical features of HepD connection?

severe acute disease, low risk chronic infection

What are the clinic features of HepD superinfection?

Usually develop chronic HDV infection, high risk of severe chronic liver diease

What is the source of HepE?

feces

What is the rout of transmission for HepE?

fecal oral

Is HepE a chronic infection?

How do you prevent HepE?

ensure safe drinking water

What family is HepE in?

Calciviridae - Hepeviridae

What is the morphology of HepE?

Icosahedral capsid with surface projections

what is the DNA type for HepE?

+ssRNA, but doesn't have VPG at 5', stilled capped

What virus is similar to rubble virus genome but with deletion of envelope glycoprotein gene?

Rubella

What is the incubation period of HepE?

2-8 weeks

At what week does a HepE infection elevate the liver enzyme

10 weeks

Is HepE chronic?

HepA

Which Hep causes severe disease in pregnancy?

HepE

What hep does HepE resemble?

HepA

Ways to prevent HepE?

avoid drinking water, uncooked shellfish, uncooked fruits and veggies

What family is HepG from?

Flaviviridae, distant cousin of HepC

How is HepG transmitted?

sex, close contact, blood

What viruses can be founding sewage?

entero, calci, adeno, rota, (because of heat and holding)

What is water treated with to get rid of viruses?

chlorine or ozone

immunization that involves administering antigenic vaccine

active

immunization that involves administering an antibody

passive

a wide sale vaccination to restrict transmission of viruses in a certain community or country

herd immunity

What are two potentially eradicable viruses?

measles and polio

What are 4 factors that make a virus potentially eradicable

no animal reservoir, lack of recurrent infectivity, one or few serotypes, effective vaccine

What vaccine is given at age 1 mo

HepB

What vaccines are given at age 6 mo?

HepB 92), Inactivated Polio, Influenza

What vaccines are given at age 12 mo?

Haemophilus influenza b, pnemococcal, MMR, varicalla, 2 doses of HepA

What vaccine is given a 15 mo?

DTap?

What vaccines are given at 4-6 years

DTaP 2, IPV 2, MMR 2, Varicella 2

a live oral adenoviruses vaccine for miliraty

adenocirus

prevent diseases in certain circumstances

immune globulins

What are some other vaccines?

HepB, Rabies, HepA, Vaccina

What virus causes respiratory illness and is spread by aerosols and has a genome like toga virus/

rubella

__ ___ ___ has proven a good option to protect the unionized like immunicompromised for measles

passive immunization igG

How many posts exposure prophylaxisare administered for rabies exposure?

5 doses