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Virology > Exam4 pt 2 > Flashcards

Exam4 pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What communities have a higher rate of HepA?

A

alaska natives, american indians

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2
Q

What is the recommended schedule for HepA vax for children and adolescents

A

3 doses, at 0, 1, and 6-12 mo

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3
Q

What is the recommended schedule for HepA fax for adults

A

0, 6-12 mo

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4
Q

How long can HepA live outside of the body?

A

Can live outside the body for months, depending on the enviornment

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5
Q

How is HepA inactivated?

A

heating to 185 degrees for 1 min

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6
Q

Can HepA be present in cooked food?

A

yes if exposed after vooking

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7
Q

What inactivated HepA in the water supply?

A

adequate chlorination

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8
Q

How soon after exposure should a person exposed to HepA be vaccinated in order to be protected?

A

within 14 days

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9
Q

What is the source of Hep B?

A

blood, blood derived body fluids

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10
Q

What is the route of transmission for HepB?

A

percutaneous permucosal

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11
Q

Is HepB chronic?

A

yes

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12
Q

How is HepB prevented?

A

pre/post exposure immunixation

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13
Q

What family is HepB in?

A

Hepadnaviridae, mammilan genus

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14
Q

What is the structure of HepB

A

enveloped icosahedrol

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15
Q

What is the genome of HepB like

A

ds and ss DNA together

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16
Q

What proteins are in HepB virion

A

reverse transriptase, DNA pol, RNase

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17
Q

What type of hepatitis does HepB cause?

A

Serum hepatitis

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18
Q

How is HepB transmitted?

A

sexual, parenteral, perinatal

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19
Q

Which Hep is associated with liver cancer?

A

HepB, HepC

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20
Q

What types of vaccines are available for HepB

A

Serum derived and recombinant produced vaccine

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21
Q

what is the replication cycle of HepB

A

DNA, ccDNA, pregenome RNA, RNA?DNA to genomic ssDNA/dsDNA

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22
Q

What are the infection outcomes of acute HepB

A

subclinical, iceteric heptitis

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23
Q

What are the chronic infection outcomes for HepB

A

asymptomatic, chronic persisent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis (hepatocellular carcinoma)

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24
Q

What is the incubation period of HepB

A

60-90 days

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25
Q

Who with a Hepb infection tends to be jaundice?

A

those older than 5

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26
Q

Which Hep threatens to wipe out two amazon tribes?

A

HepB

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27
Q

Where is the highest concentration of HepB found in body fluids?

A

high in blood, serum ,and wounds

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28
Q

Which body fluids have a moderate amount of HepB

A

semen, vagianl fluid, saliva

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29
Q

What is the elimination strategy for HepB?

A

prevent perinatal HBV transmission, routine vac, fax children in high risk groups,

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30
Q

What drug may be effective for HepB?

A

AIDS drugs

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31
Q

What plant was GMOed to produce Hep B vaccine?

A

carrots

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32
Q

What is the source of Hep C infections

A

blood, blood derived fluids

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33
Q

What is the route of transmission for Hep C?

A

percutaneous permucosal

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34
Q

is HepC chronic?

A

yes

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35
Q

how do you prevent HepC?

A

blood donor screening, risk behavior modification

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36
Q

What is the most common blood borne infection in the US

A

HepC

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37
Q

What fam is HepC in?

A

flaviviridae, hepacivurs genus

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38
Q

What is the morphology of HepC

A

eneloped icosahedral

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39
Q

What is the genome of HepC

A

+ssRNA

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40
Q

How is HepC trasnmsitted?

A

blood transfusion, IV drugs, sex

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41
Q

How long is the incubation period for Hep C?

A

6-7 weeks

42
Q

What are some symptoms of HepC?

A

mild acute jaundice, chronic infection in most, cirrhosis, possible mortalty

43
Q

Which virus is four times more common than HIV in IV drug users

A

HepC

44
Q

2 ways HepC can be transmitted through contaminated equipment ?

A

hemodialysis, endoscopy

45
Q

What are risk factors for sexual transmission of HepC?

A

infected partner, multiple partners, early sex, lack of condoms, other STDS, sex with trauma

46
Q

Which sex transmission type is most efficient for HepC?

A

Male to Female

47
Q

What are some ways HepC could be transmitted through a household?

A

contaminated equipment used for home remedies, contaminated personal articles

48
Q

How can you prevent spreading HepC to someone else?

A

don’t donate blood, don’t share items with blood, cover cuts, reduce sexual risk

49
Q

Does the preexposure prophylaxis for HepC have an antibody responseE?

A

no

50
Q

What are two drugs used for HepC?

A

Ribavirin (analogue of guanosine) Telaprevir

51
Q

What is the source of HepD?

A

blood/blood derived

52
Q

What is the route of HepD transmission?

A

precutaneous permucuosal

53
Q

Is HepD a chronic infection?

A

yes

54
Q

How can you prevent HepD?

A

pre/post exposure immunization, risk behavior modification

55
Q

What family is the HepD virus in?

A

deltavirus

56
Q

What is the morphology of HepD?

A

viroidlike, spherical

57
Q

What is the dan of HepDlike?

A

-RNA, circular

58
Q

HepD requires confection with

A

HepB

59
Q

What does HepD use HepB for?

A

used HepB surface antigen as envelope

60
Q

How is HepD transmitted

A

parental transmission for IV drug, open sores, parental and sexual

61
Q

What is the incubation period for HepD?

A

6w to 6m

62
Q

What are some symptoms of HepD?

A

severe hepatitis then chronic active hepatitis to cirrhosis of liver

63
Q

Where is HepD found in very high concentrations?

A

blood

64
Q

What vaccine helps with HepD?

A

HepB, alpha interferon

65
Q

What are the clinical features of HepD connection?

A

severe acute disease, low risk chronic infection

66
Q

What are the clinic features of HepD superinfection?

A

Usually develop chronic HDV infection, high risk of severe chronic liver diease

67
Q

What is the source of HepE?

A

feces

68
Q

What is the rout of transmission for HepE?

A

fecal oral

69
Q

Is HepE a chronic infection?

A

no

70
Q

How do you prevent HepE?

A

ensure safe drinking water

71
Q

What family is HepE in?

A

Calciviridae - Hepeviridae

72
Q

What is the morphology of HepE?

A

Icosahedral capsid with surface projections

73
Q

what is the DNA type for HepE?

A

+ssRNA, but doesn’t have VPG at 5’, stilled capped

74
Q

What virus is similar to rubble virus genome but with deletion of envelope glycoprotein gene?

A

Rubella

75
Q

What is the incubation period of HepE?

A

2-8 weeks

76
Q

At what week does a HepE infection elevate the liver enzyme

A

10 weeks

77
Q

Is HepE chronic?

A

HepA

78
Q

Which Hep causes severe disease in pregnancy?

A

HepE

79
Q

What hep does HepE resemble?

A

HepA

80
Q

Ways to prevent HepE?

A

avoid drinking water, uncooked shellfish, uncooked fruits and veggies

81
Q

What family is HepG from?

A

Flaviviridae, distant cousin of HepC

82
Q

How is HepG transmitted?

A

sex, close contact, blood

83
Q

What viruses can be founding sewage?

A

entero, calci, adeno, rota, (because of heat and holding)

84
Q

What is water treated with to get rid of viruses?

A

chlorine or ozone

85
Q

immunization that involves administering antigenic vaccine

A

active

86
Q

immunization that involves administering an antibody

A

passive

87
Q

a wide sale vaccination to restrict transmission of viruses in a certain community or country

A

herd immunity

88
Q

What are two potentially eradicable viruses?

A

measles and polio

89
Q

What are 4 factors that make a virus potentially eradicable

A

no animal reservoir, lack of recurrent infectivity, one or few serotypes, effective vaccine

90
Q

What vaccine is given at age 1 mo

A

HepB

91
Q

What vaccines are given at age 6 mo?

A

HepB 92), Inactivated Polio, Influenza

92
Q

What vaccines are given at age 12 mo?

A

Haemophilus influenza b, pnemococcal, MMR, varicalla, 2 doses of HepA

93
Q

What vaccine is given a 15 mo?

A

DTap?

94
Q

What vaccines are given at 4-6 years

A

DTaP 2, IPV 2, MMR 2, Varicella 2

95
Q

a live oral adenoviruses vaccine for miliraty

A

adenocirus

96
Q

prevent diseases in certain circumstances

A

immune globulins

97
Q

What are some other vaccines?

A

HepB, Rabies, HepA, Vaccina

98
Q

What virus causes respiratory illness and is spread by aerosols and has a genome like toga virus/

A

rubella

99
Q

__ ___ ___ has proven a good option to protect the unionized like immunicompromised for measles

A

passive immunization igG

100
Q

How many posts exposure prophylaxisare administered for rabies exposure?

A

5 doses

Virology (12 decks)

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