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Virology > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Vector of potyvirus?

A

aphids

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2
Q

NA of potyvirus

A

+ssRNA

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3
Q

What therapeutic agents are used to treat people exposed to influenza?

A

Amantadine and Zanamivir

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4
Q

morphology of the granulovirus

A

has one enveloped nucleocapsid per occlusion body

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5
Q

this virus’s symptoms included hemorrhaged, malaise, abdominal pain, and vommitting

A

filovirus

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6
Q

to which family is influenza a member?

A

orthomyxoviridae

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7
Q

Which gene is unique to plant viruses?

A

cell to cell movement protein gene

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8
Q

What are some ways plant viruses are typically classified?

A

genomic organization, virion morphology, common name of host, and characteristic symptoms

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9
Q

a plant virus with divided genomic molecules that are encapsidated serpatedly

A

a multicomponent plant virus

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10
Q

What are some of the effects of the influenza virus?

A

rhinotracheitis, viral pnemonia, upper repiratory tract infection, followed with bacterial pneumonia

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11
Q

the protein matrix of the baculovirus structure is soluble at which pH?

A

11

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12
Q

The ebola virus genome is

A

-ssRNA

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13
Q

This drig is effective at reduciing the risk of untaxed ppl becoming ill, iused to shorten duration of influenza, can be given to people exposed to influence, and needs to be taken within 48 hrs

A

amantadine

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14
Q

true/falsvirus resistant pants have been generated by genetic engineering through pathogen derived resistance

A

true

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15
Q

which subtypes of influenza virus share antigens?

A

none

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16
Q

what causes the antigenic drift of the influenza virus?

A

cause by point mutations in the RNA genes

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17
Q

Where does maturation of the ebola virus occur?

A

budding of the plasma membrane

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18
Q

Baculoviral envelopes are obtained in the following ways

A

cytoplasmic membranes, de novo asembly, budding through plasma membranes, from peri-nuclear membranes

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19
Q

congenital heart disease, deafness, cataracts, and mental retardation are all symptoms of

A

congenitall rubella syndrome

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20
Q

structural proteins of these viruses ae translated from a 26s subgeneric fragment, rather than from the whole genome

A

alphavirus

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21
Q

Which type of influenza undergoes antigenic shirt

A

A

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22
Q

The marburg virus is transmissible to humans through

A

monkeys

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23
Q

what vector trasmits the tobacco mosaic virus?

A

no know vector

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24
Q

the breaking color of petals, the result of anthocyanin pigment loss

A

variegation

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25
Q

common control methods of plant viruses include

A

use virus resistant varieties, use of virus free seed or propagation stocks, genetic engineering, control of vectors

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26
Q

nucleocapsids are occluded by spheroidic proteins in which subfamily?

A

chordopoxviridae

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27
Q

natural virus transmission includes

A

seeed, nematode, vegetative, and pollen

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28
Q

Which of the following immune system components protects against an infection of the upper respiratory tract with influenza

A

igA

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29
Q

What is a characteristic of the genus granulovius?

A

one enveloped nucleocapsid per occlusion body

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30
Q

what prevents infection of the lungs during an influenza infection?

A

igG

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31
Q

ow does the flavivirus acquire its envelope?

A

budding into intracellular vesicles

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32
Q

what is the primary role of cell mediated immunity in influenza infections?

A

cell mediated immunity is essential for recovery from both influenza and viral pneumonia

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33
Q

baculovirus proteins include

A

glycoproteins, infected cell proteins, and phosphoproteins

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34
Q

what is spheroidin

A

occlusion protein for entomopoxvirus

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35
Q

what restricts an influenza infection to the original site?

A

heterotypic immunty

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36
Q

which type of influenza is associated with pandemics?

A

influenza a

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37
Q

what is the target cell for HIV?

A

cd4+ t lymphocytes

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38
Q

where does the yellow fever get its name?

A

jaundice

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39
Q

what is the genome of the baculoviridae which is pathogenic to insects?

A

dsDNA

40
Q

where does rubella cause infection, unlike other toavirus infections?

A

respiratory illness

41
Q

vertical transmission where ovarian follicles are permissive to virus replication

A

transovarial

42
Q

verticle transmission where virus is transferred to the egg as the egg passes through the oviduct

A

transovum

43
Q

genome shape for togavirus

A

linear

44
Q

genome NA for togaviruss

A

+ssRNA

45
Q

capsid shape for togavirus

A

icosahedral

46
Q

is togavirus enveloped?

A

yes

47
Q

what does toga virus’s envelop look like

A

glycoprotein sprides protruding from surface

48
Q

What are the two general of togaviruses

A

alphaviruse, rubivirus

49
Q

sindis, equine encephalitis, ross river, annoying neon, semliki, and cjikungunya virus are all in the ___ genera

A

alphavirus

50
Q

vector of alphavirus

A

mosquitos

51
Q

genome encodes early nonstructural genomes, and then late structural genomes

A

alphavirus

52
Q

where is alpha virus replication

A

cytoplasm

53
Q

where do alpha viruses bud

A

plasma memrane

54
Q

how does alphairus enter into the cell

A

receptor mediaed endocytosis, faces with endosome

55
Q

what happens after viral DNA of alpha virus binds to ribosome?

A

2/3 genome transcribed into polyprotein, cleaved into 4 early proteins

56
Q

what acts as the template for more viral genome in alpha virus?

A

full lengths -RNA (42S) transcribed

57
Q

what codes for late proteins in alpha virus

A

a smaller 26s RNA transcribe from -RNA template

58
Q

how is alpha virus released from the cell

A

budding

59
Q

symptoms of alphaviruse

A

low grade and mild, may be flu-like, may progress to encephalitis

60
Q

amplified by wild birds, 5% of infections result in encephalitis, with 33% mortality and brain damage in most survivors

A

eastern equine encephalitis virus

61
Q

amplified by rodents, emerging pathogen of humans and quinces in the neotropics

A

venezuelan equine encephalitis

62
Q

amplified by wild birds, 639 confirmed cases since 1964

A

western encephalitis virus

63
Q

host: humans, causes fever, rash, polyarthritis, eye pain, chest pain, inflammation of lymph nodes, lethargy, no mortality

A

onyongnyong

64
Q

hosts: humans, uses fever, joint paints (weeks to months) , rash, headache, muscle pan, nausea, fatigue

A

chikungunya

65
Q

how is rubella transmitte

A

airborne droplets

66
Q

this virus causes serious illness in infants and young children, but infection in pregnant women can cause unborn babies to have serious congenital defects or death

A

rubella

67
Q

symptoms of congenital rubella syndrome

A

deafness, cataracts, heart defects, mental retardation

68
Q

4 generae in flaviviridae

A

flavivirus, hepacivirus, pegivirus, pastivirus

69
Q

is flavivirus envelopes?

A

yes

70
Q

symetry of flavivirus

A

icosahedreal

71
Q

genome NA of flavivirus

A

+ssRNA

72
Q

what transmits flaviviridae

A

mosquitos and ticks

73
Q

flavivirus genome translated into

A

single polyprotein

74
Q

flavivirus synthesizes __ proteins first

A

structural

75
Q

how do flavivirus acquire envelope

A

budding into intracellular vesicles

76
Q

how are flavivirus released

A

exocytosis or cell lysis

77
Q

yellow fever, dengue, wet nile, are all types of

A

flavivirus

78
Q

amplified by pigs, incidental hosts, humans and horses,

A

japaneses encephalitis

79
Q

amplified by birds, incidental hosts humans and horses, causes fever, headache, muscle pain in neck and back

A

st. louis encephalitis

80
Q

amplified by wild birds, incidental hosts humans, horses,, fever and meningoencephalitis (fatalities mostly in elderly)

A

west nile

81
Q

rapid onset chilld, headache, dizziness, myalgia then nausea, vomitting, bradycardia, progress to jaundice, renal failure, systemic hemorrhage

A

yellow fever

82
Q

how long does dengue last

A

2-7 days

83
Q

malaise, heaache, retroorbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, can progress to hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome

A

dengue

84
Q

infection of one serotype provides ___ term protection against reinfection for dengue

A

long

85
Q

shape of baculovirus DNA

A

covalently closed

86
Q

baculovius NA type

A

dsDNA

87
Q

is baculovirus enveloped?

A

yes

88
Q

protein matrix of baculovirus, composed of polyhedron protein coded by virus and soluble at alkaline ph

A

occlusion body

89
Q

when do the early genes get transcribed for baculovirus?

A

as soon as the DNA is uncoated

90
Q

envelope acquisition of baculovirus

A

de novo assembly, nuclear and cytoplasmic budding

91
Q

which virus is used for genetic engineering?

A

baculovirus

92
Q

what is the one mechanism we know of for plant defenses against viruses

A

post-transcriptional gene silencing

93
Q

plant genes that confer resistance to viruses are known as ____

A

R genes

94
Q

wgich ig prevents against viral pneumonia

A

IgG

95
Q

which ig spees recovery from viral infection? for influenza

A

igg

96
Q

what host defense promotes recovery from influenza and deters spread down the respiratory tract

A

cell mediated immunity

Virology (12 decks)

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