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Virology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How is papilloma viral DNA maintained?

A

staable multicopy plasmid that replicates once per cell cycle

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2
Q

Which virus family can replicate either vegitvely or productively in differentiated cells

A

papilloma

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3
Q

What are the two types of regulatory elemenrys for papilloma?

A

cis and tras

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4
Q

How many promoters of transcription does papilloma have?

A

multiple

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5
Q

Does papilloma splice?

A

yes - very complex

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6
Q

What does the E1 do in the papilloma virus?

A

aids in plasma replication

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7
Q

What does E6 and E7 due in the papilloma virus?

A

serve as human transformative genes

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8
Q

Which strains of papilloma cause genital warts?

A

Strains 6 and 11

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9
Q

Which strains of papilloma are the most prevalent ones to cause cancer of the cervis?

A

16 and 18

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10
Q

Which papilloma virus causes penile cancer?

A

42

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11
Q

How does E7 work in the papilloma virus?

A

Has transformative properties
transactivated Adenovisus E2 gene
interacts with pRB

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12
Q

Which adenovirus gene is transactivated by papilloma E7?

A

E2

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13
Q

How does E6 work in Papilloma virus?

A

-transmors keratinocytes to immortality by using ubiquitin to mark p53 for destruction

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14
Q

Which virus causes the following diseases: warts, oncogenital condylomas, laryngeal papilomatosis, flat condelyomas, neoplasia of penis, anus, and cervix

A

papilloma

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15
Q

How long is the eclipse period for polymer and papilla?

A

12-14 hr

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16
Q

What does the polymer virus attach to on the cell?

A

Vp1 to cell glycerin growth factor receptor

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17
Q

How does polymer enter the cell?

A

receptor mediated endocytosis

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18
Q

Where does polyoma uncut?

A

in the nucleus

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19
Q

What is transcribes as part of the early mRNA in polyoma?

A

T- antigens

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20
Q

What is transcribed late in Polyoma?

A

virion proteins

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21
Q

What is the structure of polyommar DNA?

A

covalently closed circle with no end

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22
Q

What does polyooma use to open DNA?

A

primers

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23
Q

What adds on primers to polyooma DNA?

A

DNA pol i

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24
Q

What directions does polyooma synthesize in?

A

both forward and retro

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25
Q

What are the promoter elements of polyoma?

A

early tumor antigens - down regulate their own enhancer

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26
Q

How many promoters does polyooma have?

A

single

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27
Q

Does polyooma splice?

A

yes, not as complex as papilloma

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28
Q

What do the two directions of polymer transcription give?

A

T antigens and capsid proteins

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29
Q

Disease with progressive multifocal leukocephaly, demylenates CNS, latent in brain, and might be oncogenic

A

JC

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30
Q

What type of virus is JC?

A

polyoma

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31
Q

causes dysplastic growth in the urinary tract

A

BK

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32
Q

causes mild respiratory disease, there are antibodies in almost all adults

A

general polyoma

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33
Q

What are two types of JC virus?

A

BK and SV40

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34
Q

Sv40, BK, and JC are all types of

A

polyomaviridae

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35
Q

HPV types 1-80 are al types of

A

papillomaviridae

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36
Q

90% of cancer is caused by

A

oxidative stress, tobaccom and virus

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37
Q

What happens when p53 is destroyed?

A

cell replication levels increase, leading to cancer

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38
Q

What happens when pRB is inhibited?

A

tumor likelihood increases

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39
Q

Which virus has inverted complementary sequences?

A

adeno

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40
Q

Which aden virus has ends with different sequences?

A

autonomous virus

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41
Q

Which adeno virus is a helper viruse to herpes and AAV?

A

dependo

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42
Q

Which aden virus subfam has a bump in the DNA from the replicase to bind to?

A

autonomous

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43
Q

What does parvovirus bind to at the cell in order to attach?

A

heparan sulfate

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44
Q

Where does parvovirus replicate?

A

nucelus

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45
Q

Where does the AAV bind in order to enter the cell?

A

heparaan

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46
Q

Which virus integrates into chromosome 18 if no helper viruses are present?

A

AAV

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47
Q

What happens to AAV if adenovirus or herpes is there?

A

uses aden and herpes viruses for infection

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48
Q

Does splicing occur for the parvovirus?

A

yes

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49
Q

What is the replication model for parvovirus?

A

repeat DNA flips down to polymerize, no primer needed

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50
Q

What is the protein that packages parvo?

A

Ns1 - potential vaccine target

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51
Q

What ways can parvoviruses be spread?

A

respiratory tract, blood transfusion, across placenta

52
Q

Which virus is associated with the following symptomsmild fever, headace, itching, rash, biphasic lacey rash after viremia, arthritis?

A

parvovirus

53
Q

disease associated with slapped cheeks, miscarriages by hemolysis of fetal blood cells and cardiac failure

A

5th

54
Q

5th disease is what type of virus

A

parvovirus

55
Q

Associated with 4-5 days of viremia, rash comes after fever

A

b19

56
Q

What kind of virus is b19

A

parvo

57
Q

What is the incubation period for parvo

A

10 days

58
Q

Where is parvo common?

A

daycares, 50% of adults have been exposed

59
Q

how is parvo diagnosed?

A

electron microscopy, elisa, pcr

60
Q

What virus may cause pneumonia?

A

bocavirus

61
Q

is there a treatment for parvo

A

no

62
Q

What does the adenovirus look like?

A

lots of knob proteins, fivers, and lots of hexons

63
Q

What are the adenovirus groups based on?

A

serological reactions to the different fibers

64
Q

What types of cells do adenoviruses infect?

A

adenoids, phargeal tonsils, palatine tonsils

65
Q

How is adenovirus adsorbed?

A

fiber tail to receptor

66
Q

When doe adenovirs penetrate

A

when pentane be binds to cell and integrates

67
Q

Is adnovirus naked DNA infectious?

A

yes

68
Q

This virus can inhibit cellular DNA proteins synthesis

A

adenoviruse

69
Q

this virus has semiconservative DNA replication

A

adenocirus

70
Q

what allows for the circularization of adenovirus?

A

terminal redundancy

71
Q

What are the two shapes of DNA?

A

circular and linear

72
Q

What forms the transforming region of adenovirus?

A

T antigen

73
Q

what adenovirus transcript is needed to continue the rest of transcription

A

E1A

74
Q

which adenovirus transcript blocks E2F to inactivate pRB (also disables p53)

A

e2

75
Q

which virus causes the following symptoms: adenoids enlarged, acute respiratory disease, sore throat, pneumonia, tonsillitis, pink eye, pertussis like symptoms, gastroenteritis, rarely encephalitis,

A

adenovirus

76
Q

Which adenovirus is associated with pneumonia + mortality in infants and elderly + acute reps disases

A

adv 7

77
Q

which adenoviruses cause pink eye

A

3 7 14

78
Q

how is adenovirus diagnosed?

A

swabs or cultures

79
Q

What does CPE of adenovirus show?

A

round and clustering of cells, intranuclear inclusions,

80
Q

Which adenoviruseses can be persistent for years?

A

1 2 5

81
Q

How are adenoviruses transmitted?

A

fecal-oral, inhalation

82
Q

Does herpes virus have an envelope?

A

yes

83
Q

What shape is herpes?

A

icosahedral

84
Q

are there enzymes in the herpes virion

A

no

85
Q

what is different about herpes structure

A

amorphous tegument

86
Q

why are herpes vaccines hard to make?

A

no common antigen

87
Q

what is the shape of the herpes DNA

A

double stranded linear

88
Q

is naked herpes DNA infectious?

A

yes

89
Q

how is the herpes virus replicated?

A

rolling circle

90
Q

What is the use of the herpes DNA packaging?

A

repeated sequences are used as bookends to decide which DNA parts ae packaged

91
Q

what cleaves the DNA in herpes virus?

A

terminase - may be possible vaccine target

92
Q

how does herpes attach to the cell

A

glycoproteins on viral envelop

93
Q

how does herpes enter the cell

A

fusion with plasma cell membrane

94
Q

what are the ways herpes penetrates?

A

either direct or RM end cytosine to PVRL1

95
Q

where does herpes uncut at

A

nuclear pore, releases DNA in nuclus

96
Q

blocking this intermediate early herpes gene inhibits translaion

A

IE3

97
Q

these proteins are syntheszed by early herpes RNAs and then transcribed by cell to RNA pol II

A

alpha

98
Q

a herpes transactivator proteins of alpha genes

A

aTIF

99
Q

herepes gene that shutdown host proteins synthesis

A

VHS

100
Q

herpes - these proteins are the structural and gyloproteisn

A

amma

101
Q

does ran splicing occur

A

limited

102
Q

how is the herepes envelop acquired?

A

inner nuclear membrane

103
Q

how is herpes released>

A

reverse phagocytosis

104
Q

what happens to cell when herpes released?

A

cel not killed but functions taken over

105
Q

where are viral herpes genomes during latency

A

episomally, not integrated, also highly methylated

106
Q

Burkitts lymphoma is associated with

A

EBV integrated or episomally

107
Q

this virus causes cold cores, fevers, encephalitis, genital ingections

A

HSV1

108
Q

where does HSV1 remain latent?

A

in the sensory ganglia trigemicnal nerve

109
Q

this virus is sexually transmitted, occasionally oral lesions, 5+ recurrent infections a year

A

HSV2

110
Q

where does the HSV2 remain latent

A

sacral plexus

111
Q

chain terminating nucleotide used for herpesvirus

A

Acyclovir

112
Q

this virus is respitaroly spread, results in rash or pox, infective for 2 weeks, more severe in adults

A

varicella-zoster

113
Q

what is the vaccine for shingels

A

zostavax

114
Q

this virus causes no obvious disease, but may result in miscarriages, transmitted by saliva milk and semen, problem for immunisupressed, and link to schizophrenia

A

Cytomeglavirus

115
Q

primary infection caues mono, burkitts lymphoma in aid patients, people have very different reactions to it

A

EBV

116
Q

the virus that causes roseola, possibly multiple sclerosis and possibly seizures

A

HHV6

117
Q

the virus linked to copses sarcoma in Aid patients, and also linked to prostate cancer

A

HHV8

118
Q

what is the overall structure of the pox virus

A

lateral bodies, 1, 2, or indistinct

119
Q

are there enzymes in the pox virus

A

yes

120
Q

is there an outer envelop for pox virus

A

yes

121
Q

where does the pox virus attach

A

VGF protein

122
Q

where does pox uncoat

A

cytoplasm

123
Q

what is required for pox uncoating

A

RNA pol from virion

124
Q

which small pox has the higher mortality rate

A

major

125
Q

this virus causes rounded papillose that can be sexually transmitted, common in daycares, treated with liquid nitrogen

A

molluscum

126
Q

yabapox comes from…

A

monkey

127
Q

tanapox comes from…

A

insect bites

Virology (12 decks)

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