Lecture 2/3-properties Of Biological Molecules I&II

Question 1

Standard free-E* change equation

Answer 1

Delta G = -(R)(T)ln(Keq)

Question 2

Gibbs Free E* equation

Answer 2

Delta G=Delta G*‘+ln([Prod]/[React])

Question 3

Three types of non-covalent bonds

Answer 3

Hydrophobic interactions, van der Waal’s, electrostatic interactions

Question 4

What produces the “hydrophobic effect?”

Answer 4

Water has a dipole moment, which results in a slight (+) and (-) charge on water. This allows for hydrogen bonding

Question 5

How can one drive a reaction to the product side? What is this manipulation called?

Answer 5

Add reactant/remove products - Le Chatlier’s Principle (“Law of Mass Action”); also, add heat

Question 6

The reaction of Glucose to Glucose-6-phosphate occurs by the enzyme hexokinase. What is the Delta-G prime for this reaction if there is 1 mole of glucose, and 1000 moles of G-6-P?

Answer 6

Delta G’ = -RT(ln[prod]/[react]) = -8.31(310)(ln[1000]/[1]]) = -2576.1xln([1000]/[1]]) = -17.8kJ/mol

Question 7

The reaction of Fructose-6-P to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate occurs by the enzyme phosphofructokinase. What is the Delta-G prime for this reaction if there is 100 mole of F-6-P, and 1 mole of F-1,6-BP?

Answer 7

Delta G’ = -RT(ln[prod]/[react]) = -8.31(310)ln([100]/[1]) = -11863.4 Jmol^-1/1000 = -11.9 kJ/mol

Question 8

The reaction of Fructose-6-P to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate occurs by the enzyme phosphofructokinase. What is the Delta-G prime for this reaction if there is 10 mole of F-6-P, and 1 mole of F-1,6-BP?

Answer 8

Delta G’ = -RT(ln[prod]/[react])

Question 9

The reaction of Fructose-6-P to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate occurs by the enzyme phosphofructokinase. What is the Delta-G prime for this reaction if there is 1 mole of F-6-P, and 1000 mole of F-1,6-BP?

Answer 9

Delta G’ = -RT(ln[prod]/[react])

Question 10

What is the pH of a solution acetoacetic acid? The [A]=100 and [HA]=1 (pKa=3.58)

Answer 10

pH=pKa+log([A]/[HA] pH=3.58 + log[100]/[1] pH=3.58+2 pH=5.58

Question 11

What is the pH of a solution acetoacetic acid? The [A]=1 and [HA]=1 (pKa=3.58)

Answer 11

pH=pKa+log([A]/[HA] pH=3.58+log([1]/[1]) pH=3.58+0 pH=3.58

Question 12

What is the pH of a solution acetoacetic acid? The [A]=1 and [HA]=100 (pKa=3.58)

Answer 12

pH=pKa+log([A]/[HA] pH=3.58+log([1]/[100]) pH=3.58-2 pH=1.58

Question 13

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only changed

Answer 13

First law of thermodynamics

Question 14

The entropy of an isolated system not in equillibrium must increase

Answer 14

Second law of thermodynamics

Question 15

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 15

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only changed

Question 16

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 16

The entropy of an isolated system not in equillibrium must increase

Question 17

Delta G = -(R)(T)ln(Keq)

Answer 17

Standard free-E* change equation

Question 18

Delta G=Delta G*‘+ln([Prod]/[React])

Answer 18

Gibbs Free E* equation

Question 19

Hydrophobic interactions, van der Waal’s, electrostatic interactions

Answer 19

Three types of non-covalent bonds

Question 20

Water has a dipole moment, which results in a slight (+) and (-) charge on water. This allows for hydrogen bonding

Answer 20

What produces the “hydrophobic effect?”

Question 21

Add reactant/remove products - Le Chatlier’s Principle (“Law of Mass Action”); also, add heat

Answer 21

How can one drive a reaction to the product side? What is this manipulation called?

Question 22

Delta G’ = -RT(ln[prod]/[react]) = -8.31(310)(ln[1000]/[1]]) = -2576.1xln([1000]/[1]]) = -17.8kJ/mol

Answer 22

The reaction of Glucose to Glucose-6-phosphate occurs by the enzyme hexokinase. What is the Delta-G prime for this reaction if there is 1 mole of glucose, and 1000 moles of G-6-P?

Question 23

Delta G’ = -RT(ln[prod]/[react]) = -8.31(310)ln([100]/[1]) = -11863.4 Jmol^-1/1000 = -11.9 kJ/mol

Answer 23

The reaction of Fructose-6-P to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate occurs by the enzyme phosphofructokinase. What is the Delta-G prime for this reaction if there is 100 mole of F-6-P, and 1 mole of F-1,6-BP?

Question 24

Delta G’ = -RT(ln[prod]/[react])

Answer 24

The reaction of Fructose-6-P to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate occurs by the enzyme phosphofructokinase. What is the Delta-G prime for this reaction if there is 10 mole of F-6-P, and 1 mole of F-1,6-BP?

Question 25

Delta G’ = -RT(ln[prod]/[react])

Answer 25

The reaction of Fructose-6-P to Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate occurs by the enzyme phosphofructokinase. What is the Delta-G prime for this reaction if there is 1 mole of F-6-P, and 1000 mole of F-1,6-BP?

Question 26

pH=pKa+log([A]/[HA] pH=3.58 + log[100]/[1] pH=3.58+2 pH=5.58

Answer 26

What is the pH of a solution acetoacetic acid? The [A]=100 and [HA]=1 (pKa=3.58)

Question 27

pH=pKa+log([A]/[HA] pH=3.58+log([1]/[1]) pH=3.58+0 pH=3.58

Answer 27

What is the pH of a solution acetoacetic acid? The [A]=1 and [HA]=1 (pKa=3.58)

Question 28

pH=pKa+log([A]/[HA] pH=3.58+log([1]/[100]) pH=3.58-2 pH=1.58

Answer 28

What is the pH of a solution acetoacetic acid? The [A]=1 and [HA]=100 (pKa=3.58)

Question 29

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 29

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only changed

Question 30

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 30

The entropy of an isolated system not in equillibrium must increase

Question 31

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only changed

Answer 31

First law of thermodynamics

Question 32

The entropy of an isolated system not in equillibrium must increase

Answer 32

Second law of thermodynamics