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Human Anatomy > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Tissues are a group of similar _____ that have what 2 things in common?

A

Cells;
1. embryonic origin
2. function

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2
Q

What are the 4 basic kinds of tissues?

A
  1. Epithelial Tissue
  2. Connective Tissue
  3. Muscle Tissue
  4. Nerve Tissue
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3
Q

The body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out

A

Epithelial Tissue

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4
Q

The body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts

A

Connective Tissue

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5
Q

The body tissue that contracts, making body parts move, and generates heat

A

Muscle Tissue

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6
Q

The body tissue that carries messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body

A

Nerve Tissue

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7
Q

Which body tissue is able to detect changes both inside and outisde the body?

A

Nerve Tissue

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8
Q

Which body tissue stores energy as fat?

A

Connective Tissue

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9
Q

Which body tissue provides immunity?

A

Connective Tissue

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10
Q

Describe the Cellularity of the Epithelial Tissue.

A

Many tighly packed cells and little amount of ECM.

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11
Q

Cells at the base of an epithelial layer are attached to this

A

Basement Membrane

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12
Q

What are the 2 layers that the basement membrane is composed of?

A
  1. Basal Lamina
  2. Reticular Lamina
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13
Q

The Basal Lamina is secreted by what kind of cells?

A

Epithelial Cells

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14
Q

The Basal Lamina consists mainly of what?

A

Glycoproteins

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15
Q

The Reticular Lamina is composed of what network?

A

A network of fine Collagen Fibres

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16
Q

The Reticular Lamina is secreted by what kind of cells?

A

Connective Tissue Cells

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17
Q

In kidneys, the Basement Membrane participates in what function?

A

Blood Filtration

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18
Q

What are the 3 main functions of The Basement Membrane?

A
  1. Attachment and Support Epi cells
  2. Forms surface for Epi Cells to use for migration
  3. Restricts passage of large mol b/w Conn Tissue and Epi
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19
Q

What are the 3 kinds of surfaces of an Epithelial Tissue?

A
  1. Apical Surface (free surface, face up)
  2. Basal Surface (lower, attach to Basement Memb)
  3. Lateral Surface (in between each cell, connected to eachother)
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20
Q

How do epithelial cells obtain nutrients?

A

Via diffusion, as they lack blood vessels

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21
Q

What are the 2 ways in which the Epithelium are classified?

A
  1. Arrangement
  2. Shape
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22
Q

What are the 3 types of Epithelial Arrangements?

A
  1. Simple
  2. Stratified
  3. Pseudostratified
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23
Q

What are the 4 types of Surface Epithelial Cell shapes?

A
  1. Squamous
  2. Cuboidal
  3. Column
  4. Transitional
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24
Q

What are the 2 kinds of Epitelium?

A
  1. Covering/Lining
  2. Glandular
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25
Q

Covering and Lining Epithelium line what kind of structures?

A

Blood Vessels, Ducts, Tracts

26
Q

Glandular Epithelium secrete what kind of structures?

A

Glands (thyroid, adrenal, sweat glands)

27
Q

Simple epithelial cell arrangement have functions such as what? (5)

A
  1. Diffusion
  2. Osmosis
  3. Filtration
  4. Filtration
  5. Absorptio
28
Q

Simple epithelial cell arrangement looks like what?

A

A single layer of cells

29
Q

Pseudostratified epithelial cell arrangement looks like what?

A

Appear to be multiple layers due to a difference in cell height, but are really one layer.

30
Q

Stratified epithelial cell arrangement looks like what?

A

Multiple layers of cells

31
Q

Squamous epithelial cell shape looks like what?

A

flat and thin

32
Q

What are the 2 kinds of simple squamous epithelia?

A
  1. Endothelium
  2. Mesothelium
33
Q

What are the 2 kinds of simple columnar epithelia?

A
  1. Non-Ciliated
  2. Ciliated
34
Q

What are the 2 divisions of Epithelia?

A
  1. Simple Epithelium
  2. Stratified Epithelium
35
Q

Endothelium Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue lines what systems? (2)

A
  1. Cardiovascular
  2. Lymphatic
36
Q

Mesothelium Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue is found in what?

A

In Serous membrane (that lines body cavities)

37
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium function

A

diffusion and filtration

38
Q

Epithelial Tissue overall function (3)

A
  1. Acts as protective barrier
  2. Absorption
  3. Secretion
39
Q

Connective Tissue functions to.. (3)

A
  1. Structural Support
  2. Tissue Binding
  3. Nutrient waste exchange
40
Q

What kind of structures is Connective Tissue known to form?

A

Tendons
Ligaments
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

41
Q

Which kind of tissue lacks blood vessels?

A

Epithelial Tissue

42
Q

Which kind of Tissue is tightly packed with cells, and has little ECM?

A

Epithelial Tissue

43
Q

Which kind of Tissue has an abundance of ECM and only few scattered cells?

A

Connective TIssue

44
Q

Which kind of Tissue has a significant network of blood vessels?

A

Connective Tissue

45
Q

The basement membrane layer closer to the connective tissue, is what?

A

Reticular Lamina

46
Q

The basement membrane layer closer to the epithelial cells is what?

A

Basal Lamina

47
Q

What is the specialized function of Glanduar Epithelium?

A

Secretion

48
Q

What are the 2 kinds of Glandular Epithelium?

A

Endocrine & Exocrine

49
Q

Endocrine Glandular Epithelium secretes what substances?

A

Hormones

50
Q

Exocrine glands secrete substances via what?

A

Ducts

51
Q

What are examples of Endocrine Glandular Epithelium? (3)

A

Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenal Glands

52
Q

What are examples of Exocrine Glandular Epithelium? (3)

A

Sweat, oil, salivary glands

53
Q

Most Exocrine Glands are what kind of glands?

A

Multicellular Glands

54
Q

Multicellular Glands secrete into what?

A

Ducts

55
Q

What are the 3 structural classifications of Multicellular Glands?

A
  1. Branched
  2. Unbranched
  3. Tubular / Acinar
56
Q

What are the 3 Modes of Glandular Secretion?

A
  1. Merocrine
  2. Apocrine
  3. Holocrine
57
Q

Of the various modes of glandular secretion, which is the most common?

A

Merocrine

58
Q

How does the Apocrine Exocrine Gland cells release products?

A

Upper part of cell pinches off and dies, releasing products

59
Q

How does the Holocrine Exocrine Gland cells release products?

A

The whole cell dies and ruptures, releasing products

60
Q

How does the Merocrine Exocrine Gland cell release products?

A

The cell undergoes exocytosis to release product

Human Anatomy (10 decks)

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