Lecture 19: Support and Protection of the Nervous System Flashcards
The dorsal white columns are part of:
- The sensory system
Spinal nerves contain ____linated axons.
- Myelinated and Unmyelinated axons
Support is provided by the ______ skeleton.
- Axial
The cranium is composed of __ bones. __ are visible, and __ isn’t.
- 8
- 7
- 1
The cranium is composed of what bones?
- Frontal (1)
- Parietal (2)
- Occipital (1)
- Temporal (2)
- Sphenoid (1) butterfly
Bones of the cranium have joints between them called _____.
- Sutures
What’s the suture between the frontal and parietal bone?
- Coronal Suture
Lambdoid
Gaps between sutures (children) are called ____.
- Fontanelles
What’s the suture between the parietal bones?
- Sagittal suture
What’s the suture between the parietal bone and occipital bone?
- Lambdoid suture
The facial bones are composed of:
- Zygomatic (2)
- Maxillary (2)
- Mandible (1)
- Nasal (1)
Meninges act as….
- A protective covering for the brain
The three layers of the meninges are the…
- Duramater
- Piamater
What’re some features of the dura mater?
- Outermost layer of the meninges
- Dense and fibrous (tough)
- Two layers
- Inner layers form dural reflection
What’re the three different dural reflections?
- Falx cerebri (separates two cerebral hemispheres)
- Falx cerebelli (separates two cerebellum hemispheres)
- Tentorium cerebelli (seperates cerebrum and cerebellum)
Venous sinuses are found in the _______.
- Dura mater
What’re some features of the arachnoid?
- Layer beneath the dura mater
- Contains blood vessels
- Does not extend into sulci
What does the subarachnoid space allow to happen? Where is it?
- Cerebrospinal fluid circulation
- Houses blood vessels
- Between the arachnoid and the pia mater
What is the function of the arachnoid granulations?
- Pump out old CSF into venus sinus
What’re some features and functions of the pia mater?
- Transparent and delicate
- Blood vessels in arachnoid sit on top of pia mater
- Adheres to brain and follows gyri and sulci
Are the spinal cord meninges similar to the cranial meninges?
- Yes
What produces the CSF?
- The choroid plexus
Picture of ventricular system
- Third Ventricle
- Central Aquaduct
- Lateral Ventricle
- Fourth Ventricle
CSF pathway
Lateral ventricle –> 3rd ventricle –> cerebral aqueduct –> 4th ventricle –> central canal of spinal cord / subarachnoid aquaduct
What happens when there’s an abnormal accumulation of CSF in the ventricles of the brain?
- Hydrocephalus
- Enlarged head
