lecture 19 - comparative penology (norway) Flashcards
norwegian penal system is built on what economy and principle
- social democratic political economy
- principle of normalisation
norway is exceptionally
liberal
comparative penology broadens perspectives on
- legal systems
- etiological assumptions about crime
- approaches to punishment
what does comparative penology reveal potentials for
policy transfer
importance of what to understand relationships between political and economic institutions and approaches to crime and punishment
political economy
the political economy goes beyond per capita rates of imprisonment (positivist data collection) to include:
V
D
L
- varieties of capitalism
- differences in welfare state regimes
- levels of inequality
nordic countries are described as having what culture
social democratic, political and social culture
what is social democratic
What state
what promotion of
what culture
- capitalist welfare state
- promotion of social cohesion, inclusion
- egalitarian culture
welfare system in norway
- universal and comprehensive welfare
- low income inequality
what representation, parliament and consensus do they have in norway
- proportional representation
- unicameral parliament (uni =1)
- consensus and compromise
norway is one of the early adopters of what?
progressive human equal rights
norway criminal justice system is built upon?
- penal welfarism
- no privatisation
why does norway have an anti othering discourse
- high public trust in gov and others
- news media less sensational
- no knee jerk reactions to exceptional crimes
what % of people serve less than 90 days in prison
55%
no indeterminate sentences
prison population in norway
2991
how many prisons in norway
58
largest prison capacity in norway
400
occupancy rate in norway %
81%
whats their worst type of detention
preventative detention
what statements do they not use in norway
expressive victim impact statements
how does norway manage its prison population
sentencing queue for minor offences
weekend custody
operational staff number in norway prisons
3600
more staff than prisoners
corrections is a well regarded career with high retention rate
what % of prison staff are women
40% women
what % are foreign nationals in norwayy
28%
what principle underpins norway
principle of normalisation
what do prison conditions in norway resemble
resembles life outside as much as possible
what aspects do the new prisons in norway have
- little conventional physical security
- access to nature
- village like
how many people to a cell in norway
one man to one cell as overcrowding is unacceptable
what model do they need for service delivery
import model
- your dentist/doctor/ lecturer will come into visit you in prison
what allocation system do norway prisons
crime blind
do prisoners retain legal rights
yes all legal rights
when is rehabilitation and resettlement pushed onto prisoners
from day one
what type of rehabilation and resettlement do they use
- little use of cognitive OBPs
- greater use of open prisons
- reintegration guarantee
- private and family visits
what is the biggest criticsm for norway approach to prisons
their treatment of foreign national prisoners
what produces greater punitiveness to outsiders
nationalistic
insular cultural
ethnic homogeneity
where are foreign national prisoners over represented
in the remand population, sometimes in solitary confinement
what rights are FNP excluded from
-free of charge legal represenation
- family visits
- some welfare benefits
- sometimes rehabiliative programmes
what is the reason for punitiveness against FNP
- reflective of wider societal reduction in collective interest since 2004 rise in immigration
- made criminal justice and penal policy more politicised
comparing penal systems allows us to move beyond what?
ethnocentricsm
- rethink what is normal
- learn from best and worst practices
what are social democratic countries pursuing sentencing and penal policies like
exceptionally LIBERAL
nordic cjs is grounded in PENAL WELFARISM
norweigan penal principles and practices are widely regarded as producing the most?
humane and more effective lived experiences of imprisonment
