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prisons and prisoners MCQ revision > lecture 10 - experiencing imprisonment (minority populations) > Flashcards

lecture 10 - experiencing imprisonment (minority populations) Flashcards

1
Q

what are 2 key minorities

A

women
people of colour

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2
Q

what % of women are in prison

A

4%

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3
Q

what % of people of colour are in prison?

A

28%

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4
Q

who has a distinctive profile

A

women

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5
Q

how many women in prison are mothers? distinctive pains

A

2/3

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6
Q

what % of women have had incidents of self-harm

A

22%

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7
Q

why has there been longstanding call for gendered justice?

A

distinctive profile of female prisoners means they require a different approach
- equal treatment to men does not mean identical treatment

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8
Q

what pains do people of colour experience in prison

A

pains of institutional racism

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9
Q

what % of women imprisoned for non-violent offences?
what are they mainly in for instead

A

69%
low-level but persistent property offending

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10
Q

what % of women are imprisoned for less than 12 months

A

77%

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11
Q

what % of women are serving more than 4 years

A

27%

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12
Q

what % of women serving indeterminate sentences

A

10%

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13
Q

what are womens killings typically?

A

expressive and relational

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14
Q

who has a higher rate of arson?

A

women

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15
Q

what % of women are BAME or other ethnic group? how long is their average sentence length

A

16% are BAME
17 months average sentence length

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16
Q

what % of women are foreign nationals? what are they in for?

A

10% are foreign nationals
- drug importation
- immigration
- fraud

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17
Q

how are female prisons described to be?

A

cinderella female estate

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18
Q

how many female prisons

A

12 closed and open prisons in england

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19
Q

how many female prisons are suitable for restricted status women

A

4

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20
Q

what is the average distance from home for female prisons

A

60 miles

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21
Q

how many spaces in HMP send therapeutic community?

A

24

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22
Q

how many MBUs? for how many mothers and babies?

A

6 MBUs
60 mothers
70 babies

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23
Q

HMP prison holloway closed when?

A

2016

24
Q

how many children a year affected by mothering in prison?

A

17,000

25
Q

what % of children are cared for by father?

A

9%

26
Q

mothering in prison may lead to what loss

A

loss of child to state care

27
Q

unwell women ended up being…

A

segregated or located on health care unit, often with inadequate specialist support

28
Q

why do women self- harm?

A

imported trauma from experiences of abuse

29
Q

what % of mental health problems for women in the last year?

A

76%

30
Q

what % of women experienced domestic violence

A

60%

31
Q

whos more likely to self harm

A

women

32
Q

what does self harm reflect feelings of?

A

-self disgust
- powerlessness
- rage
- grief
- depression

33
Q

what does gregory 2003 call omnipresent and competitive self-harm

A

mutilation marathon

34
Q

what is there a continuing focus on for women in prison?

A

continuing focus on early intervention and more community based solutions

35
Q

what is there a new emphasis on for women prisons policies and practices?

A
  • whole system approach
  • gender specific
  • trauma informed policies and practices
36
Q

examples of new gender specific and trauma informed policies and practices

A
  • prison design and architecture
  • therapeutic and practical interventions
37
Q

what is scotlands step change?

A
  • £75 million superprison scrapped
  • new HMP cornton vale has 119 places
  • 2 community custody units opened 32 places
38
Q

what was there an introduction of for women prisoners in wales 2022

A

intro of residential women centres in wales and england

39
Q

BAME is not a … group

A

not a heterogenous group

40
Q

what are black people overrepresented for?

A
  • robbery
  • drugs offences
  • fraud
  • black on black gang violence
41
Q

what are pakistani men overrepresented for?

A
  • child sexual grooming
  • drug offences
  • fraud
42
Q

who are strongly underepresented in BAME community for imprisonment

A

chinese and ‘other’ men

43
Q

what is the fastest growing sub-population in prison and why?

A

muslims
- concerns about radicalisation to islamist extremism

44
Q

what is an example of racially motivated murder in prison?

A

zahid mubarek

45
Q

what does martin narey 2001 say about institutional racism
quote

A
  • institutionally racist organization
  • reflects institutionally racist white society
  • there are pockets of blatant and malicious racism within prison service
46
Q

what did the commission for racial equality 2003 do?

A

investigate zahid mubareks murder and racism in 3 prisons
- found unlawful racial discrimination particular in PRACTICES RATHER THAN POLICY

47
Q

what did the keith inquiry 2006 find in prisons?

A
  • casual disregard of explicit and prevalent racism
  • institutional religious intolerance
48
Q

how many recommendations did the keith inquriy recommend?

A

88

49
Q

what are 3 key recommendations from the keith inquiry 2006
investigation into zahid death

A
  • abolition of enforced cell sharing
  • improved sharing of info about prisoners
  • improved assessments of mental health and risk to others
50
Q

experiences of differential treatment for BAME in prison?

A
  • racial abuse and intimidation
    -unfair treatment in initial risk assessments, security re-cats
  • more likely to receive adjudications for minor offences
  • more likely to be unemployed or allocated to worst jobs with lowest wages
51
Q

how do BAME adapt to pains of racism

A
  • fatalistic acceptance
  • collective resistance
  • individual rebellion
52
Q

how are organisational and legal responses addressing internal decision-making for BAME

A
  • limiting staff discretion
  • defining racially motivated abuse and assault
  • using prisoner councils for grievances
53
Q

define racially motivated abuse and assault

A

any incident perceived to be racial by the victim or any other person

54
Q

how are organisational and legal responses creating a more diverse workforce

A
  • addressing internal decision making
  • internal race relations policies
  • external legal sources of accountability
55
Q
A

prisons and prisoners MCQ revision (17 decks)

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