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prisons and prisoners MCQ revision > lecture 16 - release and resettlement (through the prison gate) > Flashcards

lecture 16 - release and resettlement (through the prison gate) Flashcards

1
Q

rehabilitation aims

A

bring about change in the offender attitudes and thinking
through OBPs

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2
Q

resettlement

A

prisoners are prepared for their release back into the community and effectively helped to reduce their likelihood of reoffending

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3
Q

what different terms for resettlement were used and when did they officially change

A
  • after care
  • through care
    changed in 1998 as they were considered too caring
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4
Q

what does resettlement cover?
what does it capture?

A
  • covers other factors that are important in determining criminal behaviour
  • capture the social needs of offenders
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5
Q

what did the seu report 2002 say?
how many factors influence?

A

reducing reoffending by ex prisoners identified 9 factors that influence re offending

about who we send to prison

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6
Q

how many resettlement pathways?
part of the what plan?
what date for home office

A

7 pathways
part of reoffending national action plan
home office 2004

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7
Q

many prisoners have experienced a lifetime of social exclusion causing

A
  • poor skills and little experience of employment
  • few positive social networks
  • severe housing problems
  • all severely complicated by a drug alcohol or mental health problem
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8
Q

evidence shows that working across 7 pathways can have a huge impact on what?

A

likelihood of a prisoner reoffending

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9
Q

being in employment reduces risk of reoffending by between ?

A

a third and a half
1/3 1/2

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10
Q

having stable accommodation reduces the risk of reoffending by how much

A

a fifth 1/5

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11
Q

creating and encouraging healthy family contract whilst in custody can reduce likelihood of offending by how much

A

up to 6 times

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12
Q

prisoners who receive visits have significantly lower reoffending rate - what %

A

52%

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13
Q

prisoners who receive no visits at all - % of reoffending

A

70%

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14
Q

reducing reoffending national action plan required what england and wales?

A

each english and wales region to produce a ‘regional rehabilitation strategy’ to provide services in relation to 7 pathways

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15
Q

where do the pathways start and continue

A

start in prison
continue through the prison gate

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16
Q

what is the outcome focused objective for the natioanl action plan

A

to reduce reoffending and protect the public
- through support with practical problems and criminogenic needs, prep prisoners for release

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17
Q

what is the short term outcome focused objective for reoffending national action plan

A

control and manage offenders risk in the community (licence period)

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18
Q

long term outcome focused objective for reoffending national action plan

A

reintegrating the ex prisoner into society and their community

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19
Q

who works with prisoners through the prison gate

A

third sector voluntary organisations

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20
Q

parole 1968
priorityfor what?
support offered to?
led to erosion in?

A
  • higher priority given to resettlement provisions
  • support offered to those now subject to parole and under some statutory order post release
  • led to erosion in post release support for short term prisoners - less than 12 months
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21
Q

theres an increased awareness and neglect of what type of prisoner

A

short term prisoners - less than 12 months

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22
Q

what report is important for increased awareness of short term prisoners

A

social exclusion unit report 2002

pathfinder experiments

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23
Q

what is the revolving door population

A

large group of prisoners who had many problems and a high reconviction rate

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24
Q

when was the gov reducing reoffending national action plan and 7 pathways introduced

A

2004

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25
Q

when was NOMS; OMM and custody plus introduced

A

2004

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26
Q

when was transforming rehabiltiation; crc and resettlement prisons

A

2015

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27
Q

when did HMPPS replace NOMS

A

2017

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28
Q

HMMPS and OMIC

A

2018

29
Q

when were crcs scrapped and returned to probation service

A

2019

30
Q

what did NOMS 2004 say

A
  • existing systems and practices not fit for purpose to reduce re offending not delivering results
  • silos, services not joined up, lack of coherence from offender pov
  • strong advocacy for radical change, driven by theory and research
31
Q

offender management model OMM uses what system of offender management

A
  • end to end management by 1 probation officer (OM) based in community, responsible for assessment and sentence
  • assisted by custody based offender supervision acting under om guidance
  • On release the OM continues supervision
32
Q

what act created statutory basis for new sentence custody plus
was it implemented?

A

criminal justice act 2003
custody plus to replace existing short term prison sentences
- intended to involve short period in custody followed by longer period of statutory supervision in community
- never implemented due to lack of resources

33
Q

what was transforming rehabilitation

A

a strategy for reform transformed the way in which rehabilitation services were delivered

34
Q

what act was with the transforming rehabilitation strategy

A

offender rehabilitation act 2014

35
Q

who is the national probation service responsible for managing

A

managing offenders who posed the highest risk of harm to public and committed most serious offences

36
Q

what do community rehabiliation companies do (CRCs)

A

work with low and medium risk offenders through the prison gate

37
Q

there was a plan to turn how many local prisons into resettlement prisons for additioanl through the gate support for short sentence prisoners

A

70 local cat b prisons

38
Q

how do these redesigned resettlement prisons work

A
  • prisons work towards rehabilitation from moment of imprisonment
  • provided with needs assessment upon reception to prison
  • then provided with a tailored package of supervision and support to help desist from offending
39
Q

HMIP report in 2017 concluded what

A

none of gov stated aspirations for TR probation reform hd been met in meaninful way

40
Q

in may 2019 gov announced changes to TR how

A
  • the split between NPS and CRCs would be reversed
  • bringin supervision of offenders at all risk levels back under NPS
41
Q

what did NOMM say about the offender management model not working in prisons

A

offender management model is not working in prisons
- staff dont understand it
- community based managers have neither involvement in process nor internal knowledge of institutions to make it work
- complex and costly

42
Q

what introduced by HMPPS in 2018

A

offender management in custody
- to improve support offered prisoners as they leave custody and reintegrated into local community

43
Q

what do prison offender managers do

A
  • probation officers transferred into prison
  • oversee rotl, parole and prep prisoner for release
  • disucss licence conditions and through the gate resettlement services based on risk assessment
  • then hands over to community offender manager
44
Q

what does the community offender manager help the offender

A
  • relationship starts in custody and manage offenders in the community
45
Q

what did new report by HM probation and offender management in custody 2022 say

A

offender management in custody simply not working

46
Q

offender management ideas are based on evidence based pricniplesand to be effective they must be experienced how?

A
  • to be effective rehabiliation/ resettlement must be experienced as a coherent and meaninful journey from offenders pov
47
Q

how is quality and continuity of relationship important in offender management

A
  • knowing and trusting one person to accompany you on your joruney - evidence from resettlement pathfinders
  • opposite of pass the parcel offender management
48
Q

what resource issues are there

A

-staffing issues
-training
-common obstacles in prison (internal communication, poor IT systems for info sharing)
- more pressing concerns

49
Q

what is top down intro of systems lack of buy in and understanding at coal face
rolein prison/ community
remoteness from
sometimes what is split

A
  • roles in prison/ community not widely undertsood
  • remoteness from wing staff
  • sometimes rehabiliation/ resettlement split (duplication, lack of coordination or sharing info)
50
Q

effects of managerial and system centred om

A
  • main purpose behind exercise gets forgotten: quality and continuity of relationship with offender
  • all propose a handover model rather than one based on continuity of supervision
51
Q

successful implementation of omic requires what culture?
space on prisons wings for what?

A
  • rehabilitative culture
  • where there is space on prison wings for one to one interventions with prisoners to promote rehabilitation
52
Q

how do resettlement prisons culture change
what approach

A
  • whole prison approach
  • altering culture of prison not easy
  • undermined, adapted and resisted to preserve the fundamental conditions of carceral establishment
53
Q

for some resettlement prisons are what

A

an oxymoron
prisons are about punishment

54
Q

re words imply

A

that this group of people is in some way returned to some state that they had previosuly occupied
- however the reintegrated may often not have been very integrated in first place
- reformed may feel they need to form themselves all over again

55
Q

challenge of turning convicted offender away from crime is often

A

considerable

56
Q

what did seu report 2002 say about prisoners

A

many experienced a life time of social exclusion
reintegrating is difficult and a process
policy v reality

57
Q

how many lose their home in prison

A

1/3

58
Q

housing benefits stops after how many weeks

A

13

59
Q

what % of prisoners never had a job

A

11-13%

60
Q

how many lose a job in prison

A

2/3

61
Q

what act requires criminal records and disclosure to future employment

A

the rehabilitation of offenders act 1974

62
Q

only when a conviction is spent is ex prisoner entitled to be treated for all…

A

entitled to be treated for all purposes in law as a person who has not been convicted or sentenced

63
Q

what % of prisoners on benefits 12 months prior

A

64%

64
Q

what do raynor and robinson 2009 argue about resettlement

A

resettlement occurs independently or more often after a period of punishment
- therefore conceptually divorced from punishment

65
Q

how many prisoners leave prison on a friday
under what act

A

1 in 3
the offenders day of release from detention act 2013

66
Q

what do governors now have the power to do under the offenders day of release from detention act 2013
what days

A

power to release prisoners with mental health issues, substance misuse problems, or who have far to travel home on a wednesday or thursday instead

67
Q

seu 2002 says resettlement should be whos concern

A

everyones concern

68
Q

what does resettlement from prison cause for prisoners

A
  • stigma
  • social exclusion
  • labelling
  • NIMBY
69
Q
A

prisons and prisoners MCQ revision (17 decks)

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