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Plant > Lecture 19 > Flashcards

Lecture 19 Flashcards

1
Q

what type of insect leaves visible damage?

A

insects with chewing mouthparts

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2
Q

what is the damage caused by chewing insects?

A

defoliate leaves, feed on roots, bore through stems, etc.

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3
Q

what are 2 exs of insects with chewing mouthparts?

A

Flea beetles, Colorado potato beetles

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4
Q

what insects puncture plant & suck fluids?

A

sucking & piercing insects

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5
Q

what are the signs of sucking & piercing insects damaging plants? (4)

A

puckering of leaves

thin sections of leaf

leaf rolling

galls

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6
Q

what are exs of sucking & piercing insects?

A

aphids, scale, thrips, leaf hoppers

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7
Q

how long are flea beetles?

A

1/16 - 1/4 inch long

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8
Q

what colour are flea beetles?

A

black to brown or striped

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9
Q

what plants do flea beetles favour?

A

crucifers

such as radish, broccoli, cabbage and turnip

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10
Q

when do flea beetles do most of their damage?

A

in the spring

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11
Q

plants will tolerate ____% of defoliation done by flea beetles

A

30-40%

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12
Q

where do adult flea beetles overwinter?

A

leaf litter

garden debris

shelter places

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13
Q

why is it important to understand the lifecycle of insects?

A

determine management strategy

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14
Q

flea beetles have ______ gen/year

A

1

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15
Q

what is the biggest prob with flea beetles?

A

seedlings are growing in may-june when the insects are feeding

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16
Q

summarize the flea beetle lifecycle

A

feed may - June
overwinter as adults
emergence of adults in fall

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17
Q

how do you reduce overwintering of flea beetles near your garden?

A

remove garden debris, litter & weeds

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18
Q

what are the measures to be taken to control flea beetles? (8)

A

remove garden debris, litter & weeds

grow early season trap crops (ex: radishes) to deter from others plants

use floating row covers during seedling est

delay planting

use yellow or white sticky traps

Use transplants instead of direct seeding (larger means less vulnerable)

Catnip, and garlic or hot pepper sprays repel the beetles

insecticides

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19
Q

when using trap plants, what should be done with them once the risk of damage to other plants has passed?

A

harvest or destroy

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20
Q

when should floating row covers be removed?

A

once plants have 4-5 leaves

21
Q

cabbage worms

A

4 diff lepidopteran spp feed on crucifers such as cabbage, broccoli, kale, etc.

22
Q

what is the most common cabbage worm?

A

cabbage butterfly

23
Q

is the cabbage butterfly domestic or foreign?

A

foreign

24
Q

the cabbage butterfly hatch from _____ in the spring

A

chrysalis

25
Q

what colour & shape are the cabbage butterfly eggs?

A

yellow

oval

26
Q

where do cabbage butterflies lay their eggs?

A

undersurface of leaves

27
Q

Larvae feed on crucifers until they make ________-

A

chrysalis

28
Q

what are 3 cabbage worms?

A

cabbage butterfly

cabbage looper

diamondback moth

29
Q

how do you control cabbage worms?

A

floating row covers

inspect & remove underside of leaves for eggs & larvae

apply Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticide

cover heads with nylon stocking until harvest

30
Q

when should floating row covers be used to control cabbage worm growth?

A

spring and early summer

31
Q

how do floating row covers control the growth of cabbage worms ?

A

protect plants from egg-laying adults

32
Q

is the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticide considered organic?

A

yes

33
Q

root maggots

A

maggots of diff flies

34
Q

what do root maggots commonly infest?

A

radishes, turnips, onions, cabbage, broccoli or cauliflower

35
Q

where do root maggots lay their eggs?

A

in soil at base of plants

36
Q

what do root maggots feed on?

A

root

37
Q

what pest causes a loss in quality & quantity?

A

root maggots

38
Q

what is a plant variety that is resistant to root maggots?

A

red cabbage varieties

39
Q

what are some ways to control root maggots? (5)

A

choose resistant varieties

floating row covers early in the season

delay seeding

rotate susceptible crops from previously infested areas

apply insecticide granule in row at time of planting or use liquid drench after seedling emergence

40
Q

when can you remove floating row covers from your plants that being protected from root maggots?

A

once plants have 4-5 leaves

41
Q

how do floating row covers prevent infestation of root maggots?

A

prevent egg-laying near plants

42
Q

what life stages of the Colorado potato beetle feed on crops?

A

larval & adults

43
Q

what does the Colorado potato beetle feed on?

A

vegetation of potato, tomato, peppers and other Solonaceae plants

44
Q

what characteristic of the Colorado potato beetle enables it to completely defoliate plants?

A

prolific reproduction

45
Q

Adults overwinter in soil & emerge in late _______ or _______

A

may or june

46
Q

how does the Colorado potato beetle reach its host once it is finished overwinter?

A

walks or flies

47
Q

how do you control the Colorado potato beetle? (4)

A

Rotate areas of susceptible spp if possible

crush eggs or hand-pick larvae & adults from plants

row covers

Bt based insecticides

48
Q

when is crushing eggs or hand-picking larvae & adults from plants practical when controlling Colorado potato beetles?

A

small scale

49
Q

what protective measure needs to be taken when crushing eggs or hand-picking larvae & adults from plants when controlling Colorado potato beetles?

A

wear gloves or wash hands thoroughly afterwards

chemical in beetle can irritate eyes and skin

Plant (21 decks)

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