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EDKP-206 > Lecture 15 - Wrist > Flashcards

Lecture 15 - Wrist Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones of the wrist?

A
  • Distal radius
  • Distal ulna
  • Carpal bones
  • Metacarpals
  • Phalanges
  • Sesamoid bones (variable number)
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2
Q

What is the ulnar variance?

A

the relative lengths of the radius and ulna are variable

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3
Q

What is negative ulnar variance?

A
  • 2-5mm of ulnar variance:
  • 95% of load transmission via radius and 5% through ulna
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4
Q

What is positive ulnar variance?

A
  • 60% of load transmission via radius and 40% via ulna
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5
Q

What are the bones of the proximal row of the carpals?

A

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform

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6
Q

What are the bones of the distal row of the carpals?

A

trapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate

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7
Q

What are the 3 parts of the phalanges?

A

base, head, shafts

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8
Q

How many phalanges are there?

A

14 total

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9
Q

What is the organization of the phalanges?

A
  • 3 in each finger (proximal, middle, distal)
  • 2 in the thumb (proximal, distal)
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10
Q

How many sesamoid bones are there in the hand? Where are they found?

A

2: one in each of the tendons of the flexor pollicis brevis and the adductor pollicis

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11
Q

What are the 3 joints of the wrist and hand?

A
  • Distal radio- ulnar joint (DRUJ)
  • Radio-carpal joint
  • Mid-carpal joint
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12
Q

What action does the distal raioulnar joint do?

A

pronation-supination

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13
Q

What kind of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

A

synovial

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14
Q

How many DOF are in the radiocarpal joint?

A

2

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15
Q

What are the 3 actions of the radiocarpal joint?

A

flexion-extension
abduction-adduction
circumduction

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16
Q

What kind of joints are the midcarpal joints?

A

plane

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17
Q

What kind of motions do the midcarpal joints do?

A

small gliding

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18
Q

What do the midcarpal joints increase?

A

the range of motion of the radiocarpal joint

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19
Q

What are the 2 regions of the midcarpal joints?

A

lateral and medial

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20
Q

What kind of joint is the wrist?

21
Q

What is the total wrist motion the combined result of?

A

motion from both the radiocarpal and midcarpal joint

22
Q

What angle does flexion of the wrist occur?

A

80-90 degrees

23
Q

What angle does extension of the wrist occur?

A

75-85 degrees

24
Q

What angle does radial deviation of the wrist occur?

A

20 degrees

25
What angle does ulnar deviation of the wrist occur?
35 degrees
26
What angle does supination of the wrist occur?
90 degrees
27
What angle does pronation of the wrist occur?
90 degrees
28
Which joint is more important: midcarpal or radiocarpal?
midcarpal
29
Where does the movement of the wrist start at?
distal row
30
What are the superficial muscles of the palm side?
* Pronator teres * Flexor carpi radialis * Palmaris longus * Flexor digitorum superficialis * Flexor carpi ulnaris
31
What are the superficial muscles of the dorsal surface of the forearm?
* Extensor carpi radialis longus * Extensor carpi radialis brevis * Extensor digitorum * Extensor digiti minimi * Extensor carpi ulnaris
32
What are the deep muscles on the volar surface of the forearm?
* Flexor digitorum profundus * Flexor pollicis longus * Pronator quadratus
33
What are the deep muscles on the dorsal surface of the forearm?
* Supinator * Extensor indicis * Snuff box muscles
34
What are the strengths in muscles of the forearm during pronation and supination?
same
35
What are the strengths in muscles of the forearm during extension and flexion?
extensors are stronger than flexors
36
Why are extensors stronger than flexors?
larger PCSA and moment arms
37
What % of hand function is used by the thumb?
60
38
What does the carpometacarpal joint articulate with?
trapezium
39
What kind of joint is the carpometacarpal joint?
synovial saddle
40
What are the 4 actions of the carpometacarpal joint?
* Flexion / extension * Adduction / abduction * Circumduction * Opposition
41
What are the ROM of the MCP?
55° flexion and 10° hyperextension
42
What are the ROM of the IP?
80° of flexion and 0° of extension
43
What is the angle of palmar abduction?
45 degrees
44
What is the normal finger ROM of the MCP?
90/0 deg
45
What is the normal finger ROM for the PIP?
100/0 deg
46
What is the normal finger ROM for the DIP?
80/0 deg
47
What does pinching use?
digits on the radial side of the hand
48
What does griping use?
all the digits and the palm

EDKP-206 (16 decks)

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