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EDKP-206 > Lecture 11 - Biomechanics of the Ankle and Foot (part 2) > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - Biomechanics of the Ankle and Foot (part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the anterior compartment of the ankle and foot?

A
  1. anterior tibialis
  2. extensor hallucis longus
  3. extensor digitorum longus
  4. peroneus tertius
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2
Q

Which muscle of the anterior compartment is the largest dorsiflexor and also acts as an inverter?

A

anterior tibialis

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3
Q

What are the 2 effects of weakness of the anterior tibialis?

A

impairs control of dorsiflexion during gait: foot slap or foot drop

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4
Q

What is the effect of tightness in the anterior tibialis?

A

can contribute to cavus foot

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5
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the posterior compartment of the foot?

A
  1. gastrocnemius
  2. soleus
  3. plantaris
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6
Q

What 2 muscles form the tricep surae?

A

gastrocnemius and soleus

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7
Q

Where does the gastrocnemius and soleus attach at?

A

achilles tendon

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8
Q

Which tendon is the thickest and strongest of the body?

A

achilles tendon

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9
Q

What kind of movement does the achilles tendon provide?

A

plantarflexion

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10
Q

What kind of moment arm for inversion does the achilles tendon have?

A

small moment arm

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11
Q

What does the achilles tendon do during running?

A

it stores energy

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12
Q

What kind of muscle is the gastrocnemius?

A

multi-joint muscle

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13
Q

Where does the gastrocnemius cross?

A

knee and ankle

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14
Q

What is the effect of weakness in the gastrocnemius?

A

decreased plantarflexion strength

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15
Q

What is the effect of tightness in the gastrocnemius?

A

limits dorsiflexion ROM

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16
Q

When is the clinical test to identify weak knee flexors positive?

A

when there is active contraction of the gastrocnemius

17
Q

What kind of muscle is the soleus?

A

single-joint muscle

18
Q

Is the soleus affected by knee position?

A

no

19
Q

Which muscle can contribute to knee stability in the presence of quadricep weakness?

A

soleus

20
Q

What is the effect of weakness of the soleus?

A

loss of plantarflexion strength

21
Q

What is the effect of tightness in the soleus?

A

restrict forward progression of the tibia

22
Q

What can a tight soleus contribute to?

A

genu recurvatum

23
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the lateral compartment of the foot?

A
  1. peroneus longus
  2. peroneus brevis
24
Q

What 2 muscles are the primary evertors?

A

peroneus longus and brevis

25
Q

Which muscle is twice the size of peroneus brevis?

A

peroneus longus

26
Q

What is the effect of weakness and tightness in the peroneus longus+brevis muscles?

A

supinated foot during standing

27
Q

____ strength > ___ strength

A

plantarflexion, dorsiflexion

28
Q

Which 3 factors affect foot muscle strength?

A

sex, age, joint position

EDKP-206 (16 decks)

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