Lecture #15: Policy

Question 1

Endangered Species Act (1973)

Answer 1

environmental legation used to protect and recover U.S. biodiversity

Question 2

Fish and Wildlife Services (FWS)

Answer 2

terrestrial and freshwater species

Question 3

National Marin Fisheries (NMFS)

Answer 3

marine species

Question 4

threatened

Answer 4

species likely to become endangered

Question 5

endangered

Answer 5

species in danger of extinction through portion or all

Question 6

5 factors to list as endangered/threatened

Answer 6

1) threats to habitat
2) overutlizaiton/overharvesting
3) disease/predation
4) inadaquecy of existing regulating mechanism
5) other natural human caused factors affecting survival

Question 7

Two paths to listing

Answer 7

1) Candidate assessment process (FWS or NMFS)
2) citizens can petition

Question 8

goal of ESA

Answer 8

recovery and de-lisiting

Question 9

Critical habitat

Answer 9

habitat essential to conservation of listed species must be listed in recovery process

Question 10

international treaty to law step

Answer 10

1) consensus: all UN parties every word
2) ratified: 2/3 vote in senate US
3) entry into force:

Question 11

Cites

Answer 11

UN convention (conservation of biological diversity, sustainability, fair and equable sharing of resources)

Question 12

Three working groups of IPCC

Answer 12

1) Physical climate
2) impacts (socio-economic)
3) mitigation (how? ethics)

Question 13

carbon offset

Answer 13

reception in made in one location to compensate for emissions elsewhere