Lecture 11: Restoration

Question 1

Ecological Restoration

Answer 1

intentional activity which initiates/accelerates recovery of ecosystem

Question 2

Why do we restore?

Answer 2

aesthetic, ecosystem services, legal mandates

Question 3

How to restore

Answer 3

follow legal mandates
restore plants needed
restore what was there before

Question 4

reference site?

Answer 4

an area to compare to when restoring with similar species

Question 5

shifting baselines

Answer 5

perspective of what should be shifts over time

Question 6

What was the goal of UC Scrips Coastal

Answer 6

restore coastal sage scrub for nesting habitat

Question 7

Resistance

Answer 7

tendency to not change

Question 8

response

Answer 8

magnitude of change

Question 9

resilience

Answer 9

rate of return to OG state

Question 10

Recovery

Answer 10

extent of return to OG state

Question 11

Alternate stable state

Answer 11

another state where an ecosystem can exist, but not OG state

Question 12

stabilizing feedback

Answer 12

returns system to OG state

Question 13

amplifying feedback

Answer 13

push system further from OG

Question 14

when is an amplifying feedback used

Answer 14

if stuck in alternate stable state

Question 15

when is stabilizing feedback used

Answer 15

restoration of invaded or disturbed land to push

Question 16

What are examples of stabilizing feedbacks

Answer 16

conservation grazing, C addition (lowering N in soil)

Question 17

What are examples of amplifying

Answer 17

N decoposition

Question 18

How does N deposition work

Answer 18

invasive species increase with N abundance bc litter decompose as natural fertilizer favoring invasion

Question 19

Nutrient Mineralization

Answer 19

nutrients released by microbes making them accessible to plants

Question 20

Nutrient Immobalization

Answer 20

nutrients taken up into microbial tissue–> not for plants

microbes use the excess C in the soil and immobilize it so it is no longer accessible to plants

Question 21

Immobilize when…

Answer 21

microbe consume substrate with higher C:N ratio (ex 3:1 eats 6:1)

Question 22

mineralization when…

Answer 22

microbe consume substrate with lower C:N ratio (ex 6:1 eats 3:1)

Question 23

how does C addition work to lower N availability

Answer 23

high C:N ratio causes microbes to immobilize soil nutrients making them less accessible to plants and a lot of fast growing species need a lot of N

Question 24

what type of species does C addition favor

Answer 24

slow-growing

Question 25

competitive exclusion

Answer 25

species with similar traits compete for limiting resource