Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Semester 3-AHNNA > Lecture 15-Oral Cavity, Tongue And Pharynx > Flashcards

Lecture 15-Oral Cavity, Tongue And Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What forms the base of the oral cavity?

A

Tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What forms the lateral boundary of the oral cavity?

A

Cheek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the difference between hard and soft palate?

A

Hard palate = bone

Soft palate = muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many intrinsic muscles of the tongue are there and which nerve innervates them?

A

4 paired muscles

Hypoglossal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the four extrinsic muscles of the tongue and what is their innervation?

A
  • genioglossus = CN XII
  • styloglossus = CN XII
  • hypoglossus = CN XII
  • palatoglossus = CN X
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

CN Vc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which nerve is responsible for taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

CN VII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which nerve is responsible for sensation and taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

CN IX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three salivary glands?

A
  • submandibular
  • sublingual
  • parotid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the Wharton duct?

A

Where submandibular glands empty saliva into the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is the Stensen duct?

A

Upper 2nd premolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is sialolithiasis?

A

Salivary gland stones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are salivary gland stones most common?

A

Submandibular glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the causes of salivary gland stones?

A

Dehydration and reduced salivary flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the symptoms of salivary gland stones?

A

Pain in gland, swelling and infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which tonsils are most commonly affected in tonsillitis?

A

Palatine tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the symptoms of tonsillitis?

A

Fever, sore throat, dysphagia, cervical lymph nodes, bad breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is peritonsillar abscess?

A

Infection leading to an abscess in the surrounding tissue, not in the tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the symptoms of peritonsillar abscess?

A

Severe throat pain, fever, bad breath, drooling, difficulty opening mouth

20
Q

Where is the nasopharynx?

A

Space behind the nasal cavity

21
Q

What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx?

A

Base of the skull to upper border of soft palate

C1, 2 is posterior and nasal cavity is anterior

22
Q

What does the nasopharynx contain?

A

Pharyngeal tonsil and Eustachian tube

23
Q

Where is the oropharynx?

A

Posterior to the oral cavity

24
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

A

Soft palate to the epiglottis
Anterior = oral cavity
Posterior = C2, C3

25
Q

What does the oropharynx contain?

A

Palatine tonsils

26
Q

Where are the palatine tonsils located?

A

Between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches is a fossa containing the tonsils

27
Q

What are the boundaries of the laryngopharynx?

A

Epiglottis to cricoid cartilage

28
Q

What does the laryngopharynx contain?

A

Piriform fossa (epiglottis diverts contents into the oesophagus via this fossa)

29
Q

What are the longitudinal muscles elevating the pharynx and larynx during swallowing?

A
  • stylopharyngeus
  • palatopharyngeus
  • salpingopharyngeus
30
Q

Which nerve innervates stylopharyngeus?

A

CN IX

31
Q

Which nerve innervates palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus?

A

CN X

32
Q

What are the circular muscles that constrict the walls of the pharynx when swallowing?

A
  • superior pharyngeal constrictor
  • middle pharyngeal constrictor
  • inferior pharyngeal constrictor
33
Q

What are the two parts of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle?

A
  • thyropharyngeal part

- cricopharyngeal part

34
Q

Which nerve innervates the pharyngeal constrictor muscles?

A

CN X

35
Q

Where is the pharyngeal plexus located and which nerves are included in it?

A

On the surface of the middle constrictor muscle

CN IX, X and cervical sympathetic nerves

36
Q

What is the sensory innervation to the nasopharynx?

A

CN Vb

37
Q

What is the sensory innervation to the oropharynx?

A

CN IX

38
Q

What is the sensory innervation to the laryngopharynx?

A

CN X

39
Q

Describe stage 1 of swallowing

A

Oral phase:

  • voluntary
  • preparatory phase = bolus is made
  • transit phase = bolus is pushed into the oropharynx by tongue and soft palate
  • controlled by CN XII
40
Q

Describe stage 2 of swallowing

A

Pharyngeal phase:

  • involuntary
  • tongue against hard palate (CN XII)
  • soft palate elevated and seals off nasopharynx
  • suprahyoid and longitudinal muscles shorten so pharynx widens for bolus, larynx elevated and sealed off by epiglottis
  • relaxation of UOS
41
Q

Describe stage 3 of swallowing

A

Oesophageal phase:

  • involuntary
  • upper striated muscle of oesophagus, lower smooth muscle
42
Q

What are the causes of dysphagia?

A
  • stroke
  • Parkinson’s
  • COPD
  • dementia
  • fibrous strictures due to oesophageal reflux or other blockages
43
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of dysphagia?

A
  • coughing and choking
  • sialorrhoea (drool)
  • recurrent pneumonia
  • change in voice
  • nasal regurgitation
44
Q

What is the sensory limb of the gag reflex?

A

CN IX

45
Q

What is the motor limb of the gag reflex?

A

CN X

46
Q

What can damage to CN XII lead to?

A

Wasted tongue

Semester 3-AHNNA (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions