Lecture 15 Inequities and Inequalities Flashcards
What is the difference between inequities and inequalities?
Inequalities are differences in health outcomes between populations, inequities are differences that stem from unjust reasons (stems from unequal distribution of resources which doesn’t reflect health need)
What is the equity MOH definition?
People in NZ have differences in health that are avoidable and unjust, equity recognizes that people with different levels of advantage have different approaches and resources needed to get equitable outcomes
What does PROGRESS stand for?
Place of residence, Race, Occupation, Gender, Religion, Education, Social economic status, social capital
Why should we reduce inequities?
Because they are unfair, avoidable, affect everyone and reducing them are very cost effective
What are the income inequities in NZ?
top 1% has 15% of wealth, next 4% has 20%, — lowest 50% have 5% of the wealth
What does the Lorenz curve show?
Cumulative population on the x axis, Cumulative wealth on the Y axis: shows the distribution of wealth in the country
What is the formula for Gini coefficient and what does it show?
A/(A+B), 0=very equal society, 1=not equal society
Why should we care about inequities?
Implications are an unequal society, less social cohesion, less trust between groups, increased stress, reduced economic productivity and poorer health outcomes
What are the inequities between men and women?
- Inequality between men and women earnings in different occupations
- Women most underpaid in community, personal service
What is social mobility?
- The movement of individuals, families, households, or groups of people within or between social strata in a society
- Social mobility is lower in more unequal countries
What can we do with examples of best practice?
Using examples of best practice it is possible to improve performance of others, and therefore reduce inequities
