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Kin 231 - Exercise Psychology > Lecture 13 Personality in Sport & Exercise > Flashcards

Lecture 13 Personality in Sport & Exercise Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

overall organization of psychological characteristics - thinking, feeling, behaving - that differentiates us from others and leads us to act consistently across time and situations
- a set of traits that make individuals unique

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2
Q

4 types of personality development

A

psychodynamic
humanistic
cognitive behavioural
interactionism

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3
Q

psychodynamic

A
  • all behaviour is interconnected and driven by unconscious forces
  • Freud’s personality structure
    a) ID: pleasure principle
    b) ego: reality principle
    c) superego: should/should not principle
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4
Q

humanistic

A
  • based on development of personal responsibility, human growth, personal striving & individual dignity ( experiences, beliefs, values, perceptions)
  • self actualization
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5
Q

psychodynamic theory

A
  • all behaviour is interconnected and driven by unconscious forces
  • Freud’s personality structure
    a) ID: pleasure principle
    b) ego: reality principle
    c) superego: should/should not principle
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6
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A 
bottom--> top
physiological needs
safety needs
social needs
esteem needs
self-actualization
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7
Q

self actualization

A

reaching ones potential

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8
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A 
bottom--> top
physiological needs
safety needs
social needs
esteem needs
self-actualization
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9
Q

4 theories of personality development

A

psychodynamic
humanistic
cognitive behavioural
interactionism

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10
Q

psychodynamic theory

A
  • all behaviour is interconnected and driven by unconscious forces
  • Freud’s personality structure
    a) ID: pleasure principle
    b) ego: reality principle
    c) superego: should/should not principle
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11
Q

humanistic theory

A
  • based on development of personal responsibility, human growth, personal striving & individual dignity ( experiences, beliefs, values, perceptions)
  • self actualization
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12
Q

self actualization

A

reaching ones potential

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13
Q

the “big five model”

A

Openness to experience = being curious and open-minded; imaginative and creative
Conscientiousness = being determined, strong-willed, self-disciplined
Extraversion = having an energetic approach to the world; talkative and affectionate
Agreeableness = compliance; positive approach toward others; trusting
Neuroticism = feelings of tension, worry, and nervousness

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14
Q

4 theories of personality development

A

psychodynamic
humanistic
cognitive behavioural
interactionism

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15
Q

psychodynamic theory

A
  • all behaviour is interconnected and driven by unconscious forces
  • Freud’s personality structure
    a) ID: pleasure principle
    b) ego: reality principle
    c) superego: should/should not principle
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16
Q

humanistic theory

A
  • based on development of personal responsibility, human growth, personal striving & individual dignity ( experiences, beliefs, values, perceptions)
  • self actualization
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17
Q

self actualization

A

reaching ones potential

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18
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A 
bottom--> top
physiological needs
safety needs
social needs
esteem needs
self-actualization
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19
Q

cognitive - behavioural

A
  • behaviour is learned through experience
  • disregards dispositions, drive, instinct
  • behaviour is more likely to continue with reward or punishment
20
Q

Interactionism

A

Individuals behaviour is a product of both the unique characteristics of the individual and the situation that they are in.
Personality traits
Goals and motivations
Normative/ appropriate situational behaviour

21
Q

Historical Personality Theory

A

The balance of our bodily fluids led to personality traits.

  • Sanguine: optimistic (blood)
  • Melancholic: doleful (black bile)
  • Choleric: passionate (yellow bile)
  • Phlegmatic: calm (phlegmy)
22
Q

Sheldon’s constitutional theory

A

body type theories: body type predisposes individuals toward specific behavioural consistencies
Ectomorph: tall, linear, lean, cerebrotonia personality (tense, introvert, inhibited)
Endomorph: plumpness, roundness, viscerotonia personality (affectionate, sociable, relaxed, cheerful)
Mesomorph: inverted triangle shape, athletic body, somatotonic personality ( adventurous, risk-taking, aggressive, take charge)

23
Q

Cattell’s Trait personality model

A

16 different personality trait dichotomies

24
Q

why is sheldons constitutional theory flawed

A

peoples body type can change and it doesn’t show personality

25
Q

the “big five model”

A

Openness to experience = being curious and open-minded; imaginative and creative
Conscientiousness = being determined, strong-willed, self-disciplined
Extraversion = having an energetic approach to the world; talkative and affectionate
Agreeableness = compliance; positive approach toward others; trusting
Neuroticism = feelings of tension, worry, and nervousness

26
Q

what is the acronym for the big five model?

A

OCEAN

27
Q

Trait Theory

A

central elements of personality are stable across time and situations (cognitive, behavioural, emotional)

28
Q

True or False: personality testing is effective for team

A

false. it is not effective

29
Q

True or False: there is not an athletic personality

A

true

30
Q

Do people higher in extroversion and conscientiousness have higher likelihood to exercise or not?

A

they have higher likelihood

31
Q

True or False: some activities are more or less appealing to people with specific personality traits

A

false. research does not suggest that

32
Q

3 ways of measuring trait personality

A

the “big five”
Myers-briggs
Keirsey Temperment Sorter

33
Q

what do the 16 personality preferences impact?

A

how we think, act and feel

34
Q

what are the 4 temperaments (according to Keirsey)

A

guardian
rational
idealist
artisan

35
Q

guardian

A

dependable, reliave, hard working, loyal

36
Q

rational

A

pragmatic, skeptical, self-contained, problem solvers

37
Q

idealist

A

enthusiastic, romantics, trust their intuition, seek their true selves

38
Q

artisan

A

fun loving, optimistic, present focused

39
Q

3 sport specific measurements

A

Athletic Motivation inventory
Sport Competition anxiety test
Profile of mood states

40
Q

Athletic motivation inventory

A

Designed to measure personality and motivation of athletes in competitive sport

41
Q

Sport competition anxiety test

A

Designed to assess competitive trait anxiety

42
Q

Profile of Mood states

A

Designed to assess state affect in psychiatric populations

43
Q

questions we must consider (ethical) while testing personality in sport context

A
  • Why are we testing personality?
  • Are we using personality to select or screen athletes?
  • What personality measure are we using and why?
  • Should athlete specific measures be used?
  • Will qualified professionals be administering the test?
44
Q

what is perfectionism highly correlated with

A

ego motivation

task achievement motivation

45
Q

Maladaptive perfectionism correlations

A

ego orientation
competitive trait anger
negative body attitudes and body image

46
Q

adaptive perfectionism correlations

A

low concern over mistakes

47
Q

mental toughness

A

inner commitment of control, competitiveness, concentration, confidence, commitment, determination, desire, focus, persistence, optimism, critical for elite sport

Kin 231 - Exercise Psychology (12 decks)

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