Lecture 1.1 - Properties of Life Flashcards

1
Q

Identify what the branch of biology studies.

A

the scientific study of living organisms.

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2
Q

List and explain the properties of life.

A

All living organisms share several key characteristics or functions: order, sensitivity or response to the environment, reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing.

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3
Q

Biology

A

the scientific study of living things

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4
Q

Cell

A

basic unit of all living organisms. A cell is separated from the environment by a membrane.

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5
Q

Cell Theory (list its 3 tenents)

A

A Theory explained by 3 points:

  1. cells are the fundamental units of life
  2. all organisms are made of membrane-bound cells
  3. all cells come from preexisting cells.
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6
Q

All-cells-from-cells hypothesis

A

Pasteur’s experiment provided conclusive evidence to this hypothesis; stating that cells can only come from other cells.

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7
Q

Evolutionary adaptation

A

the adjustment of organisms to their environment in order to improve their chances of survival

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8
Q

growth

A

the irreversible change in the size of cells and plant organs due to both cell division and enlargement

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9
Q

hypothesis

A

a proposed explanation for an observable phenomenon.

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10
Q

order

A

also known as a group of closely related families

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11
Q

Energy processing

A

aka metabolism

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12
Q

reproduction

A

the production of offspring; can occur either sexually or asexually in living things

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13
Q

spontaneous generation hypothesis

A

the previously popular thinking that a living thing could arise or develop from a non-living thing

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14
Q

theory

A

an explanation for a natural phenomenon that is widely accepted among the scientific community and supported by data.

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15
Q

microscope

A

an instrument devleoped by RObert Hooke and refined by Anton Leewenhoek

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16
Q

regulation

A

aka homeostasis

17
Q

response to the environment

A

aka response to stimulus. Reactions can be brought about by learned experience, heredity or adaptation. A response can be an immediate, involuntary action or purposeful behavior.

18
Q

Give examples of reasons that illustrate why it is important that we study biology.

A
  1. Humans want to understand and explain the disease

2. What are organisms made of? And where do they come from?

19
Q

explain evidence that proves the 3 tenants of cell theory

A
  1. Anton van
  2. all-cells-come-from-cell theory–> Louis Pasteur debunked spontaneous generation theory after proving that the maggots that infested the rotten meat could only be produced by preexisting flies, not from the rotting meat itself